We determine when an element in a noncommutative ring is the sum of an idempotent and a radical element that commute. We prove that a $2\times 2$ matrix $A$ over a projective-free ring $R$ is strongly $J$-clean if and only if $A\in J\left(M_2\left(R\right)\right)$, or $I_2-A\in J\left(M_2\left(R\right)\right)$, or $A$ is similar to $\left(\begin{array}{cc}0& \lambda \\ 1& \mu \end{array}\right)$, where $\lambda \in J\left(R\right)$, $\mu \in 1+J\left(R\right)$, and the equation $x^2-x\mu -\lambda =0$ has a root in $J\left(R\right)$ and a root in $1+J\left(R\right)$. We further prove that $f\left(x\right)\in R\left[\right[x\left]\right]$ is strongly $J$-clean if $f\left(0\right)\in R$ be optimally $J$-clean.

A new class of abelian $p$-groups with all high subgroups isomorphic is defined. Commutative modular and semisimple group algebras over such groups are examined. The results obtained continue our recent statements published in Comment. Math. Univ. Carolinae (2002).

Let $G$ be a $p$-mixed abelian group and $R$ is a commutative perfect integral domain of $charR=p>0$. Then, the first main result is that the group of all normalized invertible elements $V\left(RG\right)$ is a $\Sigma$-group if and only if $G$ is a $\Sigma$-group. In particular, the second central result is that if $G$ is a $\Sigma$-group, the $R$-algebras isomorphism $RA\cong RG$ between the group algebras $RA$ and $RG$ for an arbitrary but fixed group $A$ implies $A$ is a $p$-mixed abelian $\Sigma$-group and even more that the high subgroups of $A$ and $G$ are isomorphic, namely, ${\mathscr{H}}_A\cong {\mathscr{H}}_G$. Besides,...