A method due to Fay and Walls for associating a factorization system with a radical is examined for associative rings. It is shown that a factorization system results if and only if the radical is strict and supernilpotent. For groups and non-associative rings, no radical defines a factorization system.

Rim and Teply [10] investigated relatively exact modules in connection with the existence of torsionfree covers. In this note we shall study some properties of the lattice ${ℰ}_{\tau }\left(M\right)$ of submodules of a torsionfree module $M$ consisting of all submodules $N$ of $M$ such that $M/N$ is torsionfree and such that every torsionfree homomorphic image of the relative injective hull of $M/N$ is relatively injective. The results obtained are applied to the study of relatively exact covers of torsionfree modules. As an application...