It is proved that if a finite abelian group is factored into a direct product of lacunary cyclic subsets, then at least one of the factors must be periodic. This result generalizes Hajós's factorization theorem.
By analyzing the connection between complex Hadamard matrices and spectral sets, we prove the direction "spectral ⇒ tile" of the Spectral Set Conjecture, for all sets A of size |A| ≤ 5, in any finite Abelian group. This result is then extended to the infinite grid Zd for any dimension d, and finally to Rd.
Let M ∈ Mₙ(ℤ) be expanding such that |det(M)| = p is a prime and pℤⁿ ⊈ M²(ℤⁿ). Let D ⊂ ℤⁿ be a finite set with |D| = |det(M)|. Suppose the attractor T(M,D) of the iterated function system has positive Lebesgue measure. We prove that (i) if D ⊈ M(ℤⁿ), then D is a complete set of coset representatives of ℤⁿ/M(ℤⁿ); (ii) if D ⊆ M(ℤⁿ), then there exists a positive integer γ such that , where D₀ is a complete set of coset representatives of ℤⁿ/M(ℤⁿ). This improves the corresponding results of Kenyon,...
It is a known result that if a finite abelian group of odd order is a direct product of lacunary cyclic subsets, then at least one of the factors must be a subgroup. The paper gives an elementary proof that does not rely on characters.