A combinatorial analysis of functions provably recursive in
Slaman recently proved that Σₙ collection is provable from Δₙ induction plus exponentiation, partially answering a question of Paris. We give a new version of this proof for the case n = 1, which only requires the following very weak form of exponentiation: " exists for some y sufficiently large that x is smaller than some primitive recursive function of y".
We define a recursive theory which axiomatizes a class of models of IΔ₀ + Ω ₃ + ¬ exp all of which share two features: firstly, the set of Δ₀ definable elements of the model is majorized by the set of elements definable by Δ₀ formulae of fixed complexity; secondly, Σ₁ truth about the model is recursively reducible to the set of true Σ₁ formulae of fixed complexity.