On difference sets of sets of integers
In his book on unsolved problems in number theory [1] R. K. Guy asks whether for every natural l there exists with the following property: for every and any n elements of a group such that the product of any two of them is different from the unit element of the group, there exist l of the such that for and . In this note we answer this question in the affirmative in the first non-trivial case when l=3 and the group is abelian, proving the following result.
We show that for any relatively prime integers 1 ≤ p < q and for any finite A ⊂ ℤ one has .