Lacunary formal power series and the Stern-Brocot sequence
Let be a real lacunary formal power series, where εₙ = 0,1 and . It is known that the denominators Qₙ(X) of the convergents of its continued fraction expansion are polynomials with coefficients 0, ±1, and that the number of nonzero terms in Qₙ(X) is the nth term of the Stern-Brocot sequence. We show that replacing the index n by any 2-adic integer ω makes sense. We prove that is a polynomial if and only if ω ∈ ℤ. In all the other cases is an infinite formal power series; we discuss its algebraic...