À l’aide du Nullstellensatz effectif, on trouve des bornes inférieure et supérieure explicites des valeurs critiques non nulles d’un polynôme, en termes des coefficients de celui-ci.

Let $R$ be an integral domain with quotient field $K$ and $f\left(x\right)$ a polynomial of positive degree in $K\left[x\right]$. In this paper we develop a method for studying almost principal uppers to zero ideals. More precisely, we prove that uppers to zero divisorial ideals of the form $I=f\left(x\right)K\left[x\right]\cap R\left[x\right]$ are almost principal in the following two cases: – $J$, the ideal generated by the leading coefficients of $I$, satisfies $J^{-1}=R$. – $I^{-1}$ as the $R\left[x\right]$-submodule of $K\left(x\right)$ is of finite type. Furthermore we prove that for $I=f\left(x\right)K\left[x\right]\cap R\left[x\right]$ we have: – $I^{-1}\cap K\left[x\right]=\left(I{:}_{K\left(x\right)}I\right)$. – If there exists $p/q\in I^{-1}-K\left[x\right]$, then $(q,f)\ne 1$...

In this article, we prove that in content extentions minimal primes extend to minimal primes and discuss zero-divisors of a content algebra over a ring who has Property (A) or whose set of zero-divisors is a finite union of prime ideals. We also examine the preservation of diameter of zero-divisor graph under content extensions.