We prove that an Ahlfors-regular set (with dimension one) E ⊂ Rn which verifies a βq-version of P. W. Jones' geometric lemma is included in an Ahlfors-regular curve Γ.This theorem is due to G. David and S. Semmes, we give a more direct proof.

Let $\omega :(0,\infty )\to (0,\infty )$ be a gauge function satisfying certain mid regularity conditions. A (signed) finite Borel measure $\mu \in {ℝ}^n$ is called $\omega$-Zygmund if there exists a positive constant $C$ such that $|\mu \left(Q_{+}\right)-\mu \left(Q_{-}\right)|\le C\omega \left(\ell \left(Q_{+}\right)\right)\left|Q_{+}\right|$ for any pair $Q_{+},Q_{-}\subset {ℝ}^n$ of adjacent cubes of the same size. Similarly, $\mu$ is called an $\omega$- symmetric measure if there exists a positive constant $C$ such that $|\mu \left(Q_{+}\right)/\mu \left(Q_{-}\right)-1|\le C\omega \left(\ell \left(Q_{+}\right)\right)$ for any pair $Q_{+},Q_{-}\subset {ℝ}^n$ of adjacent cubes of the same size, $\ell \left(Q_{+}\right)=\ell \left(Q_{-}\right)\<1$. We characterize Zygmund and symmetric measures in terms of their harmonic extensions. Also, we show that the quadratic condition...