Scale-invariant equal sacrifice in taxation and conditional functional equations.
Equation[1] f(x+y) + f (f(x)+f(y)) = f (f(x+f(y)) + f(f(x)+y))has been proposed by C. Alsina in the class of continuous and decreasing involutions of (0,+∞). General solution of [1] is not known yet. Nevertheless we give solutions of the following equations which may be derived from [1]:[2] f(x+1) + f (f(x)+1) = 1,[3] f(2x) + f(2f(x)) = f(2f(x + f(x))).Equation [3] leads to a Cauchy functional equation:[4] phi(f(x)+x) = phi(f(x)) + phi(x),restricted to the graph of the function f,...
In economic systems, reactions to external shocks often come with a delay. On the other hand, agents try to anticipate future developments. Both can lead to difference-differential equations with an advancing argument. These are more difficult to handle than either difference or differential equations, but they have the merit of added realism and increased credibility. This paper generalizes a model from monetary economics by von Kalckreuth and Schröder. Working out its stability properties, we...
We consider a functional equation of the formG(x, phi(f1(x)), ..., phi(fr(x))) = cin the unknown function phi.We present a method to construct the general solution of this equation under suitable hypotheses on the functions Inf i fi and Supi fi.