Conservative extensions and the two cardinal theorem for stable theories
A degree of probabilistic dependence is introduced in the classical logic using the Frank family of -norms known from fuzzy logics. In the quantum logic a degree of quantum dependence is added corresponding to the level of noncompatibility. Further, in the case of the fuzzy logic with -states, (resp. -states) the consideration turned out to be fully analogous to (resp. considerably different from) the classical situation.
Silver’s fundamental dichotomy in the classical theory of Borel reducibility states that any Borel (or even co-analytic) equivalence relation with uncountably many classes has a perfect set of classes. The natural generalisation of this to the generalised Baire space for a regular uncountable κ fails in Gödel’s L, even for κ-Borel equivalence relations. We show here that Silver’s dichotomy for κ-Borel equivalence relations in for uncountable regular κ is however consistent (with GCH), assuming...
Huffman coding is one of a most famous entropy encoding methods for lossless data compression [16]. JPEG and ZIP formats employ variants of Huffman encoding as lossless compression algorithms. Huffman coding is a bijective map from source letters into leaves of the Huffman tree constructed by the algorithm. In this article we formalize an algorithm constructing a binary code tree, Huffman tree.
A subset of a Polish space X is called universally small if it belongs to each ccc σ-ideal with Borel base on X. Under CH in each uncountable Abelian Polish group G we construct a universally small subset A₀ ⊂ G such that |A₀ ∩ gA₀| = for each g ∈ G. For each cardinal number κ ∈ [5,⁺] the set A₀ contains a universally small subset A of G with sharp packing index equal to κ.
This is a sequel to [1]. Here we give careful attention to the difficulties of calculating Morley and U-rank of the infinite rank ω-stable theories constructed by variants of Hrushovski's methods. Sample result: For every k < ω, there is an ω-stable expansion of any algebraically closed field which has Morley rank ω × k. We include a corrected proof of the lemma in [1] establishing that the generic model is ω-saturated in the rank 2 case.
In this paper, the ordinal sum construction methods of implications on bounded lattices are studied. Necessary and sufficient conditions of an ordinal sum for obtaining an implication are presented. New ordinal sum construction methods on bounded lattices which generate implications are discussed. Some basic properties of ordinal sum implications are studied.
In this paper, two construction methods have been proposed for uni-nullnorms on any bounded lattices. The difference between these two construction methods and the difference from the existing construction methods have been demonstrated and supported by an example. Moreover, the relationship between our construction methods and the existing construction methods for uninorms and nullnorms on bounded lattices are investigated. The charactertics of null-uninorms on bounded lattice are given and a...
In our previous article [22], we showed complete additivity as a condition for extension of a measure. However, this condition premised the existence of a σ-field and the measure on it. In general, the existence of the measure on σ-field is not obvious. On the other hand, the proof of existence of a measure on a semialgebra is easier than in the case of a σ-field. Therefore, in this article we define a measure (pre-measure) on a semialgebra and extend it to a measure on a σ-field. Furthermore, we...