Given Polish spaces X and Y and a Borel set S ⊆ X × Y with countable sections, we describe the circumstances under which a Borel function f: S → ℝ is of the form f(x,y) = u(x) + v(y), where u: X → ℝ and v: Y → ℝ are Borel. This turns out to be a special case of the problem of determining whether a real-valued Borel cocycle on a countable Borel equivalence relation is a coboundary. We use several Glimm-Effros style dichotomies to give a solution to this problem in terms of certain σ-finite measures...

Answering a question of Kłopotowski, Nadkarni, Sarbadhikari, and Srivastava, we characterize the Borel sets S ⊆ X × Y with the property that every Borel function f: S → ℂ is of the form f(x,y) = u(x) + v(y), where u: X → ℂ and v: Y → ℂ are Borel.

We show that all sufficiently nice λ-sets are countable dense homogeneous (𝖢𝖣𝖧). From this fact we conclude that for every uncountable cardinal κ ≤ 𝔟 there is a countable dense homogeneous metric space of size κ. Moreover, the existence of a meager in itself countable dense homogeneous metric space of size κ is equivalent to the existence of a λ-set of size κ. On the other hand, it is consistent with the continuum arbitrarily large that every 𝖢𝖣𝖧 metric space has size either ω₁ or 𝔠. An...

We develop the theory of topological Hurewicz test pairs: a concept which allows us to distinguish the classes of the Borel hierarchy by Baire category in a suitable topology. As an application we show that for every ${\Pi }_{\xi }^0$ and not ${\Sigma }_{\xi }^0$ subset $P$ of a Polish space $X$ there is a $\sigma$-ideal $ℐ\subseteq 2^X$ such that $P\notin ℐ$ but for every ${\Sigma }_{\xi }^0$ set $B\subseteq P$ there is a ${\Pi }_{\xi }^0$ set $B^{\text{'}}\subseteq P$ satisfying $B\subseteq B^{\text{'}}\in ℐ$. We also discuss several other results and problems related to ideal generation and Hurewicz test pairs.

It is shown to be consistent that every function of first Baire class can be decomposed into ${\aleph }_1$ continuous functions yet the least cardinal of a dominating family in ${}^{\omega }\omega$ is ${\aleph }_2$. The model used in the one obtained by adding ${\omega }_2$ Miller reals to a model of the Continuum Hypothesis.

Jayne and Rogers proved that every function from an analytic space into a separable metrizable space is decomposable into countably many continuous functions with closed domains if and only if the preimage of each $F_{\sigma }$ set under that function is again $F_{\sigma }$. Many researchers conjectured that the Jayne-Rogers theorem can be generalized to all finite levels of Borel functions. In this paper, by using the Shore-Slaman join theorem on the Turing degrees, we show the following variant of the Jayne-Rogers theorem...

We characterize the class of definable families of countable sets for which there is a single countable definable set intersecting every element of the family.

We prove the following descriptive set-theoretic analogue of a theorem of R. O. Davies: Every Σ¹₂ function f:ℝ × ℝ → ℝ can be represented as a sum of rectangular Σ¹₂ functions if and only if all reals are constructible.

We show that if ℱ is a hereditary family of subsets of ${\omega }^{\omega }$ satisfying certain definable conditions, then the ${\Delta }_1^1$ reals are precisely the reals α such that $\beta :\alpha \in {\Delta }_1^1\left(\beta \right)\notin \in ℱ$. This generalizes the results for measure and category. Appropriate generalization to the higher levels of the projective hierarchy is obtained under Projective Determinacy. Application of this result to the $Q_{2n+1}$-encodable reals is also shown.

We prove that density preserving homeomorphisms form a Π11-complete subset in the Polish space ℍ of all increasing autohomeomorphisms of unit interval.

We study the descriptive set theoretical complexity of various randomness notions.

Let $$𝒦$$ (ℝ) stand for the hyperspace of all nonempty compact sets on the real line and let d ±(x;E) denote the (right- or left-hand) Lebesgue density of a measurable set E ⊂ ℝ at a point x∈ ℝ. In [3] it was proved that $$\{K\in 𝒦\left(ℝ\right):{\forall }_x\in K(d^{+}(x,K)=1or{d}^{-}(x,K)=1)\}$$ is ⊓11-complete. In this paper we define an abstract density operator ⅅ± and we generalize the above result. Some applications are included.

We prove a game-theoretic dichotomy for $G_{\delta \sigma }$ sets of block sequences in vector spaces that extends, on the one hand, the block Ramsey theorem of W. T. Gowers proved for analytic sets of block sequences and, on the other hand, M. Davis’ proof of Σ⁰₃ determinacy.

There is a general conjecture, the dichotomy (C) about Borel equivalence relations E: (i) E is Borel reducible to the equivalence relation $E_G^X$ where X is a Polish space, and a Polish group acting continuously on X; or (ii) a canonical relation $E_1$ is Borel reducible to E. (C) is only proved for special cases as in [So].  In this paper we make a contribution to the study of (C): a stronger conjecture is true for hereditary subspaces of the Polish space ${ℝ}^{\omega }$ of real sequences, i.e., subspaces such that $[y={\left(y_n\right)}_n\in X$...