Displaying 101 – 120 of 152

Showing per page

Homomorphism duality for rooted oriented paths

Petra Smolíková (2000)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

Let ( H , r ) be a fixed rooted digraph. The ( H , r ) -coloring problem is the problem of deciding for which rooted digraphs ( G , s ) there is a homomorphism f : G H which maps the vertex s to the vertex r . Let ( H , r ) be a rooted oriented path. In this case we characterize the nonexistence of such a homomorphism by the existence of a rooted oriented cycle ( C , q ) , which is homomorphic to ( G , s ) but not homomorphic to ( H , r ) . Such a property of the digraph ( H , r ) is called rooted cycle duality or * -cycle duality. This extends the analogical result for...

Honeycomb arrays.

Blackburn, Simon R., Panoui, Anastasia, Paterson, Maura B., Stinson, Douglas R. (2010)

The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics [electronic only]

Hopf algebras and dendriform structures arising from parking functions

Jean-Christophe Novelli, Jean-Yves Thibon (2007)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

We introduce a graded Hopf algebra based on the set of parking functions (hence of dimension ( n + 1 ) n - 1 in degree n). This algebra can be embedded into a noncommutative polynomial algebra in infinitely many variables. We determine its structure, and show that it admits natural quotients and subalgebras whose graded components have dimensions respectively given by the Schröder numbers (plane trees), the Catalan numbers, and powers of 3. These smaller algebras are always bialgebras and belong to some family...

Horocyclic products of trees

Laurent Bartholdi, Markus Neuhauser, Wolfgang Woess (2008)

Journal of the European Mathematical Society

Let T 1 , , T d be homogeneous trees with degrees q 1 + 1 , , q d + 1 3 , respectively. For each tree, let 𝔥 : T j be the Busemann function with respect to a fixed boundary point (end). Its level sets are the horocycles. The horocyclic product of T 1 , , T d is the graph 𝖣𝖫 ( q 1 , , q d ) consisting of all d -tuples x 1 x d T 1 × × T d with 𝔥 ( x 1 ) + + 𝔥 ( x d ) = 0 , equipped with a natural neighbourhood relation. In the present paper, we explore the geometric, algebraic, analytic and probabilistic properties of these graphs and their isometry groups. If d = 2 and q 1 = q 2 = q then we obtain a Cayley graph of the...

Currently displaying 101 – 120 of 152