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On the Heegaard genus of contact 3-manifolds

Burak Ozbagci (2011)

Open Mathematics

It is well-known that the Heegaard genus is additive under connected sum of 3-manifolds. We show that the Heegaard genus of contact 3-manifolds is not necessarily additive under contact connected sum. We also prove some basic properties of the contact genus (a.k.a. open book genus [Rubinstein J.H., Comparing open book and Heegaard decompositions of 3-manifolds, Turkish J. Math., 2003, 27(1), 189–196]) of 3-manifolds, and compute this invariant for some 3-manifolds.

On the homological category of 3-manifolds.

José Carlos Gómez Larrañaga, Francisco Javier González Acuña (1991)

Revista Matemática de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Let M be a closed, connected, orientable 3-manifold. Denote by n(S1 x S2) the connected sum of n copies of S1 x S2. We prove that if the homological category of M is three then for some n ≥ 1, H*(M) is isomorphic (as a ring) to H*(n(S1 x S2)).

On the structure of closed 3-manifolds

Jan Mycielski (2003)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

We will show that for every irreducible closed 3-manifold M, other than the real projective space P³, there exists a piecewise linear map f: S → M where S is a non-orientable closed 2-manifold of Euler characteristic χ ≡ 2 (mod 3) such that | f - 1 ( x ) | ≤ 2 for all x ∈ M, the closure of the set x ∈ M : | f - 1 ( x ) | = 2 is a cubic graph G such that S - f - 1 ( G ) consists of 1/3(2-χ) + 2 simply connected regions, M - f(S) consists of two disjoint open 3-cells such that f(S) is the boundary of each of them, and f has some additional interesting properties....

Open 3-manifolds, wild subsets of S3 and branched coverings.

José María Montesinos-Amilibia (2003)

Revista Matemática Complutense

In this paper, a representation of closed 3-manifolds as branched coverings of the 3-sphere, proved in [13], and showing a relationship between open 3-manifolds and wild knots and arcs will be illustrated by examples. It will be shown that there exist a 3-fold simple covering p : S3 --> S3 branched over the remarkable simple closed curve of Fox [4] (a wild knot). Moves are defined such that when applied to a branching set, the corresponding covering manifold remains unchanged, while the branching...

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