Partial differential equations in Banach spaces involving nilpotent linear operators

Antonia Chinnì; Paolo Cubiotti

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Displaying similar documents to “Partial differential equations in Banach spaces involving nilpotent linear operators”

$𝒟_{n, r}$ is not potentially nilpotent for $n \geq 4 r - 2$

Yan Ling Shao, Yubin Gao, Wei Gao (2016)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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An $n \times n$ sign pattern $𝒜$ is said to be potentially nilpotent if there exists a nilpotent real matrix $B$ with the same sign pattern as $𝒜$ . Let $𝒟_{n, r}$ be an $n \times n$ sign pattern with $2 \leq r \leq n$ such that the superdiagonal and the $(n, n)$ entries are positive, the $(i, 1)$ $(i = 1, \dots, r)$ and $(i, i - r + 1)$ $(i = r + 1, \dots, n)$ entries are negative, and zeros elsewhere. We prove that for $r \geq 3$ and $n \geq 4 r - 2$ , the sign pattern $𝒟_{n, r}$ is not potentially nilpotent, and so not spectrally arbitrary.

On the nilpotent residuals of all subalgebras of Lie algebras

Wei Meng, Hailou Yao (2018)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $𝒩$ denote the class of nilpotent Lie algebras. For any finite-dimensional Lie algebra $L$ over an arbitrary field $𝔽$ , there exists a smallest ideal $I$ of $L$ such that $L / I \in 𝒩$ . This uniquely determined ideal of $L$ is called the nilpotent residual of $L$ and is denoted by $L^{𝒩}$ . In this paper, we define the subalgebra $S (L) = ⋂_{H \leq L} I_{L} (H^{𝒩})$ . Set $S_{0} (L) = 0$ . Define $S_{i + 1} (L) / S_{i} (L) = S (L / S_{i} (L))$ for $i \geq 1$ . By $S_{\infty} (L)$ denote the terminal term of the ascending series. It is proved that $L = S_{\infty} (L)$ if and only if $L^{𝒩}$ is nilpotent. In addition, we investigate the basic properties of a...

Retracts that are kernels of locally nilpotent derivations

Dayan Liu, Xiaosong Sun (2022)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $k$ be a field of characteristic zero and $B$ a $k$ -domain. Let $R$ be a retract of $B$ being the kernel of a locally nilpotent derivation of $B$ . We show that if $B = R \oplus I$ for some principal ideal $I$ (in particular, if $B$ is a UFD), then $B = R^{[1]}$ , i.e., $B$ is a polynomial algebra over $R$ in one variable. It is natural to ask that, if a retract $R$ of a $k$ -UFD $B$ is the kernel of two commuting locally nilpotent derivations of $B$ , then does it follow that $B ≅ R^{[2]}$ ? We give a negative answer to this question. The interest in...

A property which ensures that a finitely generated hyper-(Abelian-by-finite) group is finite-by-nilpotent

Fares Gherbi, Nadir Trabelsi (2024)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $𝔐$ be the class of groups satisfying the minimal condition on normal subgroups and let $Ω$ be the class of groups of finite lower central depth, that is groups $G$ such that $γ_{i} (G) = γ_{i + 1} (G)$ for some positive integer $i$ . The main result states that if $G$ is a finitely generated hyper-(Abelian-by-finite) group such that for every $x \in G$ , there exists a normal subgroup $H_{x}$ of finite index in $G$ satisfying $〈 x, x^{h} 〉 \in 𝔐 Ω$ for every $h \in H_{x}$ , then $G$ is finite-by-nilpotent. As a consequence of this result, we prove that a finitely generated...

The $p$ -nilpotency of finite groups with some weakly pronormal subgroups

Jianjun Liu, Jian Chang, Guiyun Chen (2020)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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For a finite group $G$ and a fixed Sylow $p$ -subgroup $P$ of $G$ , Ballester-Bolinches and Guo proved in 2000 that $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent if every element of $P \cap G^{'}$ with order $p$ lies in the center of $N_{G} (P)$ and when $p = 2$ , either every element of $P \cap G^{'}$ with order $4$ lies in the center of $N_{G} (P)$ or $P$ is quaternion-free and $N_{G} (P)$ is $2$ -nilpotent. Asaad introduced weakly pronormal subgroup of $G$ in 2014 and proved that $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent if every element of $P$ with order $p$ is weakly pronormal in $G$ and when $p = 2$ , every element of $P$ with...

A new family of spectrally arbitrary ray patterns

Yinzhen Mei, Yubin Gao, Yan Ling Shao, Peng Wang (2016)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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An $n \times n$ ray pattern $𝒜$ is called a spectrally arbitrary ray pattern if the complex matrices in $Q (𝒜)$ give rise to all possible complex polynomials of degree $n$ . In a paper of Mei, Gao, Shao, and Wang (2014) was proved that the minimum number of nonzeros in an $n \times n$ irreducible spectrally arbitrary ray pattern is $3 n - 1$ . In this paper, we introduce a new family of spectrally arbitrary ray patterns of order $n$ with exactly $3 n - 1$ nonzeros.

On a generalization of a theorem of Burnside

Jiangtao Shi (2015)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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A theorem of Burnside asserts that a finite group $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent if for some prime $p$ a Sylow $p$ -subgroup of $G$ lies in the center of its normalizer. In this paper, let $G$ be a finite group and $p$ the smallest prime divisor of $| G |$ , the order of $G$ . Let $P \in {Syl}_{p} (G)$ . As a generalization of Burnside’s theorem, it is shown that if every non-cyclic $p$ -subgroup of $G$ is self-normalizing or normal in $G$ then $G$ is solvable. In particular, if $P ≇ 〈 a, b | a^{p^{n - 1}} = 1, b^{2} = 1, b^{- 1} a b = a^{1 + p^{n - 2}} 〉$ , where $n \geq 3$ for $p > 2$ and $n \geq 4$ for $p = 2$ , then $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent or $p$ -closed. ...

A note on infinite $a S$ -groups

Reza Nikandish, Babak Miraftab (2015)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $G$ be a group. If every nontrivial subgroup of $G$ has a proper supplement, then $G$ is called an $a S$ -group. We study some properties of $a S$ -groups. For instance, it is shown that a nilpotent group $G$ is an $a S$ -group if and only if $G$ is a subdirect product of cyclic groups of prime orders. We prove that if $G$ is an $a S$ -group which satisfies the descending chain condition on subgroups, then $G$ is finite. Among other results, we characterize all abelian groups for which every nontrivial quotient group...