A true Tree Calculus is being developed to make a joint study of the two statistics “eoc” (end of minimal chain) and “pom” (parent of maximum leaf) on the set of secant trees. Their joint distribution restricted to the set {eoc-pom ≤ 1} is shown to satisfy two partial difference equation systems, to be symmetric and to be expressed in the form of an explicit three-variable generating function.

In this paper, we first give several operator identities which extend the results of Chen and Liu, then make use of them to two $q$-series identities obtained by the Euler expansions of ${(a;q)}_{\infty }$ and $\frac{1}{{(a;q)}_{\infty }}$. Several $q$-series identities are obtained involving a $q$-series identity in Ramanujan’s Lost Notebook.

We establish q-analogs for four congruences involving central binomial coefficients. The q-identities necessary for this purpose are shown via the q-WZ method.

For any odd prime p we obtain q-analogues of van Hamme’s and Rodriguez-Villegas’ supercongruences involving products of three binomial coefficients such as ${\sum }_{k=0}^{(p-1)/2}{\left[\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{2k}{k}\right]}_{q²}^3\left(q^{2k}\right)/\left((-q²;q²){²}_k(-q;q){²}_{2k}²\right)\equiv 0\left(mod\left[p\right]²\right)$ for p≡ 3 (mod 4), ${\sum }_{k=0}^{(p-1)/2}{\left[\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{2k}{k}\right]}_{q³}\left({(q;q³)}_k{(q²;q³)}_k{q}^{3k}\right)\left({(q⁶;q⁶)}_k²\right)\equiv 0\left(mod\left[p\right]²\right)$ for p≡ 2 (mod 3), where $\left[p\right]=1+q+\cdots +q^{p-1}$ and $(a;q)ₙ=(1-a)(1-aq)\cdots (1-a{q}^{n-1})$. We also prove q-analogues of the Sun brothers’ generalizations of the above supercongruences. Our proofs are elementary in nature and use the theory of basic hypergeometric series and combinatorial q-binomial identities including a new q-Clausen type summation formula.

G.D. Birkhoff a posé, par analogie avec le cas classique des équations différentielles, le problème de Riemann-Hilbert pour les systèmes “fuchsiens” aux $q$-différences linéaires, à coefficients rationnels. Il l’a résolu dans le cas générique: l’objet classifiant qu’il introduit est constitué de la matrice de connexion $P$ et des exposants en $0$ et $\infty$. Nous reprenons sa méthode dans le cas général, mais en traitant symétriquement $0$ et $\infty$ et sans recours à des solutions à croissance “sauvage”. Lorsque $q$...