On fundamental sets over a finite field.
Let be the polynomial ring over the finite field , and let be the subset of containing all polynomials of degree strictly less than N. Define D(N) to be the maximal cardinality of a set for which A-A contains no squares of polynomials. By combining the polynomial Hardy-Littlewood circle method with the density increment technology developed by Pintz, Steiger and Szemerédi, we prove that .
In this paper, following L. Carlitz we consider some special equations of variables over the finite field of elements. We obtain explicit formulas for the number of solutions of these equations, under a certain restriction on and .
Let be a subset of , the field of elements and a polynomial of degree with no roots in . Consider the group generated by the image of in the group of units of the ring . In this paper we present a number of lower bounds for the size of this group. Our main motivation is an application to the recent polynomial time primality testing algorithm [AKS]. The bounds have also applications to graph theory and to the bounding of the number of rational points on abelian covers of the projective...