Let f:ℝ² → ℝ be a polynomial mapping with a finite number of critical points. We express the degree at infinity of the gradient ∇f in terms of the real branches at infinity of the level curves {f(x,y) = λ} for some λ ∈ ℝ. The formula obtained is a counterpart at infinity of the local formula due to Arnold.

Let $A\subset {ℝ}^n$ be a set-germ at $0\in {ℝ}^n$ such that $0\in \overline{A}$. We say that $r\in S^{n-1}$ is a direction of $A$ at $0\in {ℝ}^n$ if there is a sequence of points $\left\{x_i\right\}\subset A\setminus \left\{0\right\}$ tending to $0\in {ℝ}^n$ such that $\frac{x_i}{\parallel x_i\parallel }\to r$ as $i\to \infty$. Let $D\left(A\right)$ denote the set of all directions of $A$ at $0\in {ℝ}^n$.Let $A,B\subset {ℝ}^n$ be subanalytic set-germs at $0\in {ℝ}^n$ such that $0\in \overline{A}\cap \overline{B}$. We study the problem of whether the dimension of the common direction set, $dim\left(D\right(A)\cap D(B\left)\right)$ is preserved by bi-Lipschitz homeomorphisms. We show that although it is not true in general, it is preserved if the images of $A$ and $B$ are also subanalytic. In particular if two subanalytic...

Let X ⊂ (ℝⁿ,0) be a germ of a set at the origin. We suppose X is described by a subalgebra, Cₙ(M), of the algebra of germs of $C^{\infty }$ functions at the origin (see 2.1). This algebra is quasianalytic. We show that the germ X has almost all the properties of germs of semianalytic sets. Moreover, we study the projections of such germs and prove a version of Gabrielov’s theorem.

Nous donnons une preuve géométrique du théorème d’élimination des quantificateurs pour les fonctions logarithmico-exponentielles prouvé initialement par van den Dries, Macintyre et Marker. Notre démonstration n’utilise pas de Théorie des Modèles. Elle repose sur un théorème de préparation pour les fonctions sous-analytiques.

Let $\Omega \subset {ℝ}^n$ be a compact semianalytic set and let $ℱ$ be a collection of real analytic functions defined in some neighbourhood of $\Omega$. Let $Y_{\omega }$ be the germ at $\omega$ of the set ${\bigcap }_{f\in ℱ}{f}^{-1}\left(0\right)$. Then there exist analytic functions $v_1,v_2,...,v_s$ defined in a neighbourhood of $\Omega$ such that $\frac{1}{2}\chi \left(\mathrm{lk}(\omega ,Y_{\omega })\right)={\sum }_{i=1}^s\mathrm{sgn}{v}_i\left(\omega \right)$, for all $\omega \in \Omega$.