A characterization of -algebras.
A question of Warner and Whitley concerning a nonunital version of the Gleason-Kahane-Żelazko theorem is considered in the context of nonnormed topological algebras. Among other things it is shown that a closed hyperplane M of a commutative symmetric F*-algebra E with Lindelöf Gel'fand space is a maximal regular ideal iff each element of M belongs to some closed maximal regular ideal of E.
A properly infinite C*-algebra has no non-zero traces. We construct properly infinite Banach *-algebras with non-zero, bounded traces, and show that there are even such algebras which are fairly "close" to the class of C*-algebras, in the sense that they can be hermitian or *-semisimple.