Non-normal elements in Banach *-algebras
Let A be a Banach *-algebra with an identity, continuous involution, center Z and set of self-adjoint elements Σ. Let h ∈ Σ. The set of v ∈ Σ such that (h + iv)ⁿ is normal for no positive integer n is dense in Σ if and only if h ∉ Z. The case where A has no identity is also treated.