-systems, -networks and -covers
The concepts of -systems, -networks and -covers were defined by A. Arhangel’skiǐ in 1964, P. O’Meara in 1971 and R. McCoy, I. Ntantu in 1985, respectively. In this paper the relationships among -systems, -networks and -covers are further discussed and are established by -systems. As applications, some new characterizations of quotients or closed images of locally compact metric spaces are given by means of -systems.