100th anniversary of birthday of Eduard Čech
An interesting connection between the chromatic number of a graph and the connectivity of an associated simplicial complex , its “neighborhood complex”, was found by Lovász in 1978 (cf. L. Lovász [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 25, 319-324 (1978; Zbl 0418.05028)]). In 1986 a generalization to the chromatic number of a -uniform hypergraph , for an odd prime, using an associated simplicial complex , was found ([N. Alon, P. Frankl and L. Lovász, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 298, 359-370 (1986; Zbl 0605.05033)],...
The authors generalize a construction of Connes by defining for an -bundle over smooth manifold and a reduced cyclic cohomology class a sequence of de Rham cohomology classes . Here is a convenient algebra, defined by the authors, and is a locally trivial bundle with standard fibre a right finitely generated projective -module and bounded -modules homomorphisms as transition functions.
Summary: Arrays of numbers may be written not only on a line (= ``a vector'') or in the plain (= ``a matrix'') but also on a circle (= ``a circular vector''), on a torus (= ``a toroidal matrix'') etc. In the latter case, the immanent index-rotation ambiguity converts the standard ``scalar'' product into a binary operation with several interesting properties.