General highly accurate algebraic coarsening.
This paper addresses the derivation of new second-kind Fredholm combined field integral equations for the Krylov iterative solution of tridimensional acoustic scattering problems by a smooth closed surface. These integral equations need the introduction of suitable tangential square-root operators to regularize the formulations. Existence and uniqueness occur for these formulations. They can be interpreted as generalizations of the well-known Brakhage-Werner [A. Brakhage and P. Werner, Arch....
The integration to steady state of many initial value ODEs and PDEs using the forward Euler method can alternatively be considered as gradient descent for an associated minimization problem. Greedy algorithms such as steepest descent for determining the step size are as slow to reach steady state as is forward Euler integration with the best uniform step size. But other, much faster methods using bolder step size selection exist. Various alternatives are investigated from both theoretical and practical...