From a sequence of m-fold tensor product constructions that give a hierarchy of freeness indexed by natural numbers m we examine in detail the first non-trivial case corresponding to m=2 which we call 2-freeness. We show that in this case the constructed tensor product of states agrees with the conditionally free product for correlations of order ≤ 4. We also show how to associate with 2-freeness a cocommutative *-bialgebra.
The most elegant definition of singularities in general relativity as b-boundary points, when applied to the closed Friedman world model, leads to the disastrous situation: both the initial and final singularities form the single point of the b-boundary which is not Hausdorff separated from the rest of space-time. We apply Alain Connes' method of non-commutative geometry, defined in terms of a C*-algebra, to this case. It turns out that both the initial and final singularities can be analysed as...
We determine the coribbon structures of some finite dimensional braided Hopf algebras generated by 2×2-matrix coalgebras constructed by S. Suzuki. As a consequence, we see that such a Hopf algebra has a coribbon structure if and only if it is of Kac-Paljutkin type.
A list of known quantum spheres of dimension one, two and three is presented.
The “quantum duality principle” states that the quantization of a Lie bialgebra – via a quantum universal enveloping algebra (in short, QUEA) – also provides a quantization of the dual Lie bialgebra (through its associated formal Poisson group) – via a quantum formal series Hopf algebra (QFSHA) — and, conversely, a QFSHA associated to a Lie bialgebra (via its associated formal Poisson group) yields a QUEA for the dual Lie bialgebra as well; more in detail, there exist functors and , inverse to...
Characteristic properties of corings with a grouplike element are analysed. Associated differential graded rings are studied. A correspondence between categories of comodules and flat connections is established. A generalisation of the Cuntz-Quillen theorem relating existence of connections in a module to projectivity of this module is proven.
Connes and Moscovici recently studied "twisted" spectral triples (A,H,D) in which the commutators [D,a] are replaced by D∘a - σ(a)∘D, where σ is a second representation of A on H. The aim of this note is to point out that this yields representations of arbitrary covariant differential calculi over Hopf algebras in the sense of Woronowicz. For compact quantum groups, H can be completed to a Hilbert space and the calculus is given by bounded operators. At the end, we discuss an explicit example of...