Infinite families of divisibility properties modulo 4 for non-squashing partitions into distinct parts.
For any positive integer let ϕ(n) be the Euler function of n. A positive integer is called a noncototient if the equation x-ϕ(x)=n has no solution x. In this note, we give a sufficient condition on a positive integer k such that the geometrical progression consists entirely of noncototients. We then use computations to detect seven such positive integers k.
If E is an elliptic curve defined over a quadratic field K, and the j-invariant of E is not 0 or 1728, then has infinite rank. If E is an elliptic curve in Legendre form, y² = x(x-1)(x-λ), where ℚ(λ) is a cubic field, then has infinite rank. If λ ∈ K has a minimal polynomial P(x) of degree 4 and v² = P(u) is an elliptic curve of positive rank over ℚ, we prove that y² = x(x-1)(x-λ) has infinite rank over .
Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are a classical framework for stochastic sequential decision problems, based on an enumerated state space representation. More compact and structured representations have been proposed: factorization techniques use state variables representations, while decomposition techniques are based on a partition of the state space into sub-regions and take advantage of the resulting structure of the state transition graph. We use a family of probabilistic exploration-like...
We prove that the Lebesgue measure of the set of real points which are inhomogeneously Ψ-approximable by polynomials, where Ψ is not necessarily monotonic, is zero.