Nous montrons que toute probabilité de transition sur un espace mesurable correspondant à une chaîne de Markov vérifiant la condition de récurrence de Harris, admet au moins un opérateur potentiel positif ; à partir de là, nous développons une théorie du “potentiel logarithmique” pour ces probabilités de transition, en étudiant notamment de manière approfondie un cône de fonctions dites spéciales.
We examine the conditions under which unanimous poverty rankings of income distributions can be obtained for a general class of poverty indices. The "per-capita income gap" and the Shorrocks and Thon poverty measures are particular members of this class. The conditions of dominance are stated in terms of comparisons of the corresponding TIP curves and areas.
Let be a polynomial of degree without roots of multiplicity or . Erdős conjectured that, if satisfies the necessary local conditions, then is free of th powers for infinitely many primes . This is proved here for all with sufficiently high entropy.The proof serves to demonstrate two innovations: a strong repulsion principle for integer points on curves of positive genus, and a number-theoretical analogue of Sanov’s theorem from the theory of large deviations.
We find precise small deviation asymptotics with respect to the Hilbert norm for some special Gaussian processes connected to two regression schemes studied by MacNeill and his coauthors. In addition, we also obtain precise small deviation asymptotics for the detrended Brownian motion and detrended Slepian process.