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A cardinal function $\varphi$ (or a property $𝒫$) is called $l$-invariant if for any Tychonoff spaces $X$ and $Y$ with $C_p\left(X\right)$ and $C_p\left(Y\right)$ linearly homeomorphic we have $\varphi \left(X\right)=\varphi \left(Y\right)$ (or the space $X$ has $𝒫$ ($\equiv X⊢𝒫$) iff $Y⊢𝒫$). We prove that the hereditary Lindelöf number is $l$-invariant as well as that there are models of $ZFC$ in which hereditary separability is $l$-invariant.

We study systematically a class of spaces introduced by Sokolov and call them Sokolov spaces. Their importance can be seen from the fact that every Corson compact space is a Sokolov space. We show that every Sokolov space is collectionwise normal, $\omega$-stable and $\omega$-monolithic. It is also established that any Sokolov compact space $X$ is Fréchet-Urysohn and the space $C_p\left(X\right)$ is Lindelöf. We prove that any Sokolov space with a $G_{\delta }$-diagonal has a countable network and obtain some cardinality restrictions on subsets...

A space $X$ is functionally countable if $f\left(X\right)$ is countable for any continuous function $f:X\to ℝ$. We will call a space $X$ exponentially separable if for any countable family $ℱ$ of closed subsets of $X$, there exists a countable set $A\subset X$ such that $A\cap \bigcap 𝒢\ne \varnothing$ whenever $𝒢\subset ℱ$ and $\bigcap 𝒢\ne \varnothing$. Every exponentially separable space is functionally countable; we will show that for some nice classes of spaces exponential separability coincides with functional countability. We will also establish that the class of exponentially separable spaces has...

Given a Tychonoff space $X$ and an infinite cardinal $\kappa$, we prove that exponential $\kappa$-domination in $X$ is equivalent to exponential $\kappa$-cofinality of $C_p\left(X\right)$. On the other hand, exponential $\kappa$-cofinality of $X$ is equivalent to exponential $\kappa$-domination in $C_p\left(X\right)$. We show that every exponentially $\kappa$-cofinal space $X$ has a ${\kappa }^{+}$-small diagonal; besides, if $X$ is $\kappa$-stable, then $nw\left(X\right)\le \kappa$. In particular, any compact exponentially $\kappa$-cofinal space has weight not exceeding $\kappa$. We also establish that any exponentially $\kappa$-cofinal space $X$ with...

The old game is the point-open one discovered independently by F. Galvin [7] and R. Telgársky [17]. Recall that it is played on a topological space $X$ as follows: at the $n$-th move the first player picks a point $x_n\in X$ and the second responds with choosing an open $U_n\ni x_n$. The game stops after $\omega$ moves and the first player wins if $\cup \{U_n:n\in \omega \}=X$. Otherwise the victory is ascribed to the second player. In this paper we introduce and study the games $\theta$ and $\Omega$. In $\theta$ the moves are made exactly as in the point-open game, but the...

A space $X$ is splittable over a space $Y$ (or splits over $Y$) if for every $A\subset X$ there exists a continuous map $f:X\to Y$ with $f^{-1}fA=A$. We prove that any $n$-dimensional polyhedron splits over ${𝐑}^{2n}$ but not necessarily over ${𝐑}^{2n-2}$. It is established that if a metrizable compact $X$ splits over ${𝐑}^n$, then $dimX\le n$. An example of $n$-dimensional compact space which does not split over ${𝐑}^{2n}$ is given.

We show that exponential separability is an inverse invariant of closed maps with countably compact exponentially separable fibers. This implies that it is preserved by products with a scattered compact factor and in the products of sequential countably compact spaces. We also provide an example of a $\sigma$-compact crowded space in which all countable subspaces are scattered. If $X$ is a Lindelöf space and every $Y\subset X$ with $\left|Y\right|\le 2^{{\omega }_1}$ is scattered, then $X$ is functionally countable; if every $Y\subset X$ with $\left|Y\right|\le 2^{𝔠}$ is scattered, then...

In 2008 Juhász and Szentmiklóssy established that for every compact space $X$ there exists a discrete $D\subset X\times X$ with $\left|D\right|=d\left(X\right)$. We generalize this result in two directions: the first one is to prove that the same holds for any Lindelöf $\Sigma$-space $X$ and hence $X^{\omega }$ is $d$-separable. We give an example of a countably compact space $X$ such that $X^{\omega }$ is not $d$-separable. On the other hand, we show that for any Lindelöf $p$-space $X$ there exists a discrete subset $D\subset X\times X$ such that $\Delta =\{(x,x):x\in X\}\subset \overline{D}$; in particular, the diagonal $\Delta$ is a retract of $\overline{D}$ and the projection...

We prove that every countably compact AP-space is Fréchet-Urysohn. It is also established that if $X$ is a paracompact space and $C_p\left(X\right)$ is AP, then $X$ is a Hurewicz space. We show that every scattered space is WAP and give an example of a hereditarily WAP-space which is not an AP-space.

Given a subbase $𝒮$ of a space $X$, the game $PO(𝒮,X)$ is defined for two players $P$ and $O$ who respectively pick, at the $n$-th move, a point $x_n\in X$ and a set $U_n\in 𝒮$ such that $x_n\in U_n$. The game stops after the moves $\{x_n,U_n:n\in ø\}$ have been made and the player $P$ wins if ${\bigcup }_{n\in ø}{U}_n=X$; otherwise $O$ is the winner. Since $PO(𝒮,X)$ is an evident modification of the well-known point-open game $PO\left(X\right)$, the primary line of research is to describe the relationship between $PO\left(X\right)$ and $PO(𝒮,X)$ for a given subbase $𝒮$. It turns out that, for any subbase $𝒮$, the player $P$ has a winning strategy...

A in a space $X$ is a family $𝒪=\{O_x:x\in X\}$ of open subsets of $X$ such that $x\in O_x$ for any $x\in X$. A set $Y\subseteq X$ is if $𝒪\left(Y\right)=\bigcup \{O_x:x\in Y\}=X$. If every neighbourhood assignment in $X$ has a closed and discrete (respectively, discrete) kernel, then $X$ is said to be a $D$-space (respectively a dually discrete space). In this paper we show among other things that every GO-space is dually discrete, every subparacompact scattered space and every continuous image of a Lindelöf $P$-space is a $D$-space and we prove an addition theorem for metalindelöf spaces which...

We prove that if $X^n$ is a union of $n$ subspaces of pointwise countable type then the space $X$ is of pointwise countable type. If $X^{\omega }$ is a countable union of ultracomplete spaces, the space $X^{\omega }$ is ultracomplete. We give, under CH, an example of a Čech-complete, countably compact and non-ultracomplete space, giving thus a partial answer to a question asked in [BY2].

Given a topological property (or a class) $𝒫$, the class ${𝒫}^{*}$ dual to $𝒫$ (with respect to neighbourhood assignments) consists of spaces $X$ such that for any neighbourhood assignment $\{O_x:x\in X\}$ there is $Y\subset X$ with $Y\in 𝒫$ and $\bigcup \{O_x:x\in Y\}=X$. The spaces from ${𝒫}^{*}$ are called . We continue the study of this duality which constitutes a development of an idea of E. van Douwen used to define $D$-spaces. We prove a number of results on duals of some general classes of spaces establishing, in particular, that any generalized ordered space of countable...

It is shown that both the free topological group $F\left(X\right)$ and the free Abelian topological group $A\left(X\right)$ on a connected locally connected space $X$ are locally connected. For the Graev’s modification of the groups $F\left(X\right)$ and $A\left(X\right)$, the corresponding result is more symmetric: the groups $F\Gamma \left(X\right)$ and $A\Gamma \left(X\right)$ are connected and locally connected if $X$ is. However, the free (Abelian) totally bounded group $FTB\left(X\right)$ (resp., $ATB\left(X\right)$) is not locally connected no matter how “good” a space $X$ is. The above results imply that every non-trivial continuous homomorphism...

We study when a topological space has a weaker connected topology. Various sufficient and necessary conditions are given for a space to have a weaker Hausdorff or regular connected topology. It is proved that the property of a space of having a weaker Tychonoff topology is preserved by any of the free topological group functors. Examples are given for non-preservation of this property by “nice” continuous mappings. The requirement that a space have a weaker Tychonoff connected topology is rather...

We prove that it is independent of ZFC whether every Hausdorff countable space of weight less than $c$ has a dense regular subspace. Examples are given of countable Hausdorff spaces of weight $c$ which do not have dense Urysohn subspaces. We also construct an example of a countable Urysohn space, which has no dense completely Hausdorff subspace. On the other hand, we establish that every Hausdorff space of $\pi$-weight less than $𝔭$ has a dense completely Hausdorff (and hence Urysohn) subspace. We show that...