Uncountable cardinals have the same monadic ∀₁¹ positive theory over large sets

Athanassios Tzouvaras

Displaying similar documents to “Uncountable cardinals have the same monadic ∀₁¹ positive theory over large sets”

Characterizing the powerset by a complete (Scott) sentence

Ioannis Souldatos (2013)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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This paper is part II of a study on cardinals that are characterizable by a Scott sentence, continuing previous work of the author. A cardinal κ is characterized by a Scott sentence $ϕ_{ℳ}$ if $ϕ_{ℳ}$ has a model of size κ, but no model of size κ⁺. The main question in this paper is the following: Are the characterizable cardinals closed under the powerset operation? We prove that if $ℵ_{β}$ is characterized by a Scott sentence, then $2^{ℵ_{β + β ₁}}$ is (homogeneously) characterized by a Scott sentence, for all 0 <...

On ordinals accessible by infinitary languages

Saharon Shelah, Pauli Väisänen, Jouko Väänänen (2005)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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Let λ be an infinite cardinal number. The ordinal number δ(λ) is the least ordinal γ such that if ϕ is any sentence of $L_{λ ⁺ ω}$ , with a unary predicate D and a binary predicate ≺, and ϕ has a model ℳ with $⟨ D^{ℳ}, ≺^{ℳ} ⟩$ a well-ordering of type ≥ γ, then ϕ has a model ℳ ’ where $⟨ D^{ℳ^{'}}, ≺^{ℳ^{'}} ⟩$ is non-well-ordered. One of the interesting properties of this number is that the Hanf number of $L_{λ ⁺ ω}$ is exactly $ℶ_{δ (λ)}$ . It was proved in [BK71] that if ℵ₀ < λ < κ $a r e r e g u l a r c a r d i n a l n u m b e r s, t h e n t h e r e i s a f o r c i n g e x t e n s i o n, p r e s e r v i n g c o f i n a l i t i e s, s u c h t h a t i n t h e e x t e n s i o n$ 2λ = κ $a n d δ (λ) < λ ⁺ ⁺ . W e i m p r o v e t h i s r e s u l t b y p r o v i n g t h e f o l l o w i n g : S u p p o s e ℵ ₀ < λ < θ \leq κ a r e c a r d i n a l n u m b e r s s u c h t h a t$ ∙ $λ^{< λ} = λ$ ; ∙ cf(θ) ≥ λ⁺ and $μ^{λ} < θ$ whenever μ < θ; ∙ $κ^{λ} = κ$ . Then there...

Locally Σ₁-definable well-orders of H(κ⁺)

Peter Holy, Philipp Lücke (2014)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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Given an uncountable cardinal κ with $κ = κ^{< κ}$ and $2^{κ}$ regular, we show that there is a forcing that preserves cofinalities less than or equal to $2^{κ}$ and forces the existence of a well-order of H(κ⁺) that is definable over ⟨H(κ⁺),∈⟩ by a Σ₁-formula with parameters. This shows that, in contrast to the case "κ = ω", the existence of a locally definable well-order of H(κ⁺) of low complexity is consistent with failures of the GCH at κ. We also show that the forcing mentioned above introduces a Bernstein...

Categoricity of theories in $L_{κ , ω}$ , when κ is a measurable cardinal. Part 2

Saharon Shelah (2001)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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We continue the work of [2] and prove that for λ successor, a λ-categorical theory T in $L_{κ *, ω}$ is μ-categorical for every μ ≤ λ which is above the $(2^{L S (T)}) ⁺$ -beth cardinal.

Reflecting character and pseudocharacter

Lucia R. Junqueira, Alberto M. E. Levi (2015)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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We say that a cardinal function $φ$ reflects an infinite cardinal $κ$ , if given a topological space $X$ with $φ (X) \geq κ$ , there exists $Y \in {[X]}^{\leq κ}$ with $φ (Y) \geq κ$ . We investigate some problems, discussed by Hodel and Vaughan in Reflection theorems for cardinal functions, Topology Appl. 100 (2000), 47–66, and Juhász in Cardinal functions and reflection, Topology Atlas Preprint no. 445, 2000, related to the reflection for the cardinal functions character and pseudocharacter. Among other results, we present some new equivalences...

Definable orthogonality classes in accessible categories are small

Joan Bagaria, Carles Casacuberta, A. R. D. Mathias, Jiří Rosický (2015)

Journal of the European Mathematical Society

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We lower substantially the strength of the assumptions needed for the validity of certain results in category theory and homotopy theory which were known to follow from Vopěnka’s principle. We prove that the necessary large-cardinal hypotheses depend on the complexity of the formulas defining the given classes, in the sense of the Lévy hierarchy. For example, the statement that, for a class $𝒮$ of morphisms in a locally presentable category $𝒞$ of structures, the orthogonal class of objects...

Decidability and definability results related to the elementary theory of ordinal multiplication

Alexis Bès (2002)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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The elementary theory of ⟨α;×⟩, where α is an ordinal and × denotes ordinal multiplication, is decidable if and only if $α < ω^{ω}$ . Moreover if $|_{r}$ and $|_{l}$ respectively denote the right- and left-hand divisibility relation, we show that Th $⟨ ω^{ω^{ξ}} {; |}_{r} ⟩$ and Th $⟨ ω^{ξ} {; |}_{l} ⟩$ are decidable for every ordinal ξ. Further related definability results are also presented.

Cardinal sequences of length < ω₂ under GCH

István Juhász, Lajos Soukup, William Weiss (2006)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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Let (α) denote the class of all cardinal sequences of length α associated with compact scattered spaces (or equivalently, superatomic Boolean algebras). Also put $_{λ} (α) = s \in (α) : s (0) = λ = m i n [s (β) : β < α]$ . We show that f ∈ (α) iff for some natural number n there are infinite cardinals $λ ₀ i > λ ₁ > . . . > λ_{n - 1}$ and ordinals $α ₀, . . ., α_{n - 1}$ such that $α = α ₀ + \dots + α_{n - 1}$ and $f = f ₀ ⏜ f ₁ ⏜ . . . ⏜ f_{n - 1}$ where each $f_{i} \in_{λ_{i}} (α_{i})$ . Under GCH we prove that if α < ω₂ then (i) $_{ω} (α) = s \in^{α} ω, ω ₁ : s (0) = ω$ ; (ii) if λ > cf(λ) = ω, $_{λ} (α) = s \in^{α} λ, λ ⁺ : s (0) = λ, s^{- 1} λ i s ω ₁ - c l o s e d i n α$ ; (iii) if cf(λ) = ω₁, $_{λ} (α) = s \in^{α} λ, λ ⁺ : s (0) = λ, s^{- 1} λ i s ω - c l o s e d a n d s u c c e s s o r - c l o s e d i n α$ ; (iv) if cf(λ) > ω₁, $_{λ} (α) =^{α} λ$ . This yields a complete characterization of the classes (α) for all...

A solution to Comfort's question on the countable compactness of powers of a topological group

Artur Hideyuki Tomita (2005)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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In 1990, Comfort asked Question 477 in the survey book “Open Problems in Topology”: Is there, for every (not necessarily infinite) cardinal number $α \leq 2^{}$ , a topological group G such that $G^{γ}$ is countably compact for all cardinals γ < α, but $G^{α}$ is not countably compact? Hart and van Mill showed in 1991 that α = 2 answers this question affirmatively under $M A_{c o u n t a b l e}$ . Recently, Tomita showed that every finite cardinal answers Comfort’s question in the affirmative, also from $M A_{c o u n t a b l e}$ . However, the question has...

Propositional extensions of $L_{ω} 1_{ω}$

Richard Gostanian, Karel Hrbacek

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CONTENTS0. Preliminaries....................................................................... 71. Adding propositional connectives to $L_{ω} 1_{ω}$ ............... 82. The propositional part of $L_{ω} 1_{ω}$ (S)............................. 103. The operation S and the Boolean algebra $B_{S}$ ............... 114. General model-theoretic properties of $L_{ω} 1_{ω}$ (S)...... 175. Hanf number computations...................................................... 226. Negative results for $L_{ω} 1_{ω}$ (S)...........................................

Internally club and approachable for larger structures

John Krueger (2008)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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We generalize the notion of a fat subset of a regular cardinal κ to a fat subset of $P_{κ} (X)$ , where κ ⊆ X. Suppose μ < κ, $μ^{< μ} = μ$ , and κ is supercompact. Then there is a generic extension in which κ = μ⁺⁺, and for all regular λ ≥ μ⁺⁺, there are stationarily many N in ${[H (λ)]}^{μ ⁺}$ which are internally club but not internally approachable.

On the bounding, splitting, and distributivity numbers

Alan S. Dow, Saharon Shelah (2023)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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The cardinal invariants $𝔥, 𝔟, 𝔰$ of $𝒫 (ω)$ are known to satisfy that $ω_{1} \leq 𝔥 \leq min {𝔟, 𝔰}$ . We prove that all inequalities can be strict. We also introduce a new upper bound for $𝔥$ and show that it can be less than $𝔰$ . The key method is to utilize finite support matrix iterations of ccc posets following paper Ultrafilters with small generating sets by A. Blass and S. Shelah (1989).

On the solvability of systems of linear equations over the ring $ℤ$ of integers

Horst Herrlich, Eleftherios Tachtsis (2017)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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We investigate the question whether a system ${(E_{i})}_{i \in I}$ of homogeneous linear equations over $ℤ$ is non-trivially solvable in $ℤ$ provided that each subsystem ${(E_{j})}_{j \in J}$ with $| J | \leq c$ is non-trivially solvable in $ℤ$ where $c$ is a fixed cardinal number such that $c < | I |$ . Among other results, we establish the following. (a) The answer is ‘No’ in the finite case (i.e., $I$ being finite). (b) The answer is ‘No’ in the denumerable case (i.e., $| I | = ℵ_{0}$ and $c$ a natural number). (c) The answer in case that $I$ is uncountable and $c \leq ℵ_{0}$ is ‘No...

Coloring ordinals by reals

Jörg Brendle, Sakaé Fuchino (2007)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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We study combinatorial principles we call the Homogeneity Principle HP(κ) and the Injectivity Principle IP(κ,λ) for regular κ > ℵ₁ and λ ≤ κ which are formulated in terms of coloring the ordinals < κ by reals. These principles are strengthenings of $C^{s} (κ)$ and $F^{s} (κ)$ of I. Juhász, L. Soukup and Z. Szentmiklóssy. Generalizing their results, we show e.g. that IP(ℵ₂,ℵ₁) (hence also IP(ℵ₂,ℵ₂) as well as HP(ℵ₂)) holds in a generic extension of a model of CH by Cohen forcing, and IP(ℵ₂,ℵ₂) (hence...

A new Lindelöf space with points $G_{δ}$

Alan S. Dow (2015)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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We prove that $♦^{*}$ implies there is a zero-dimensional Hausdorff Lindelöf space of cardinality $2^{ℵ_{1}}$ which has points $G_{δ}$ . In addition, this space has the property that it need not be Lindelöf after countably closed forcing.

Iterating along a Prikry sequence

Spencer Unger (2016)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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We introduce a new method which combines Prikry forcing with an iteration between the Prikry points. Using our method we prove from large cardinals that it is consistent that the tree property holds at ℵₙ for n ≥ 2, $ℵ_{ω}$ is strong limit and $2^{ℵ_{ω}} = ℵ_{ω + 2}$ .

Spaces with property $(D C (ω_{1}))$

Wei-Feng Xuan, Wei-Xue Shi (2017)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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We prove that if $X$ is a first countable space with property $(D C (ω_{1}))$ and with a $G_{δ}$ -diagonal then the cardinality of $X$ is at most $𝔠$ . We also show that if $X$ is a first countable, DCCC, normal space then the extent of $X$ is at most $𝔠$ .

The $ℒ_{n}^{m}$ -propositional calculus

Carlos Gallardo, Alicia Ziliani (2015)

Mathematica Bohemica

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T. Almada and J. Vaz de Carvalho (2001) stated the problem to investigate if these Łukasiewicz algebras are algebras of some logic system. In this article an affirmative answer is given and the $ℒ_{n}^{m}$ -propositional calculus, denoted by $ℓ_{n}^{m}$ , is introduced in terms of the binary connectives $\to$ (implication), $↠$ (standard implication), $\land$ (conjunction), $\lor$ (disjunction) and the unary ones $f$ (negation) and $D_{i}$ , $1 \leq i \leq n - 1$ (generalized Moisil operators). It is proved that $ℓ_{n}^{m}$ belongs to the class of standard systems...

On sentences provable in impredicative extensions of theories

Zygmunt Ratajczyk

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CONTENTS0. Introduction.......................................................................... 51. Preliminaries............................................................................... 72. Basic facts to be used in the sequel....................................... 113. Predicates OD(.,.) and CL(.,.).................................................... 174. Predicate Sels............................................................................. 185. Strong $\sum_{n}^{1}$ -collection...........................................................

On non-normality points, Tychonoff products and Suslin number

Sergei Logunov (2022)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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Let a space $X$ be Tychonoff product $\prod_{α < τ} X_{α}$ of $τ$ -many Tychonoff nonsingle point spaces $X_{α}$ . Let Suslin number of $X$ be strictly less than the cofinality of $τ$ . Then we show that every point of remainder is a non-normality point of its Čech–Stone compactification $β X$ . In particular, this is true if $X$ is either $R^{τ}$ or $ω^{τ}$ and a cardinal $τ$ is infinite and not countably cofinal.

Indestructible colourings and rainbow Ramsey theorems

Lajos Soukup (2009)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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We show that if a colouring c establishes ω₂ ↛ [(ω₁:ω)]² then c establishes this negative partition relation in each Cohen-generic extension of the ground model, i.e. this property of c is Cohen-indestructible. This result yields a negative answer to a question of Erdős and Hajnal: it is consistent that GCH holds and there is a colouring c:[ω₂]² → 2 establishing ω₂ ↛ [(ω₁:ω)]₂ such that some colouring g:[ω₁]² → 2 does not embed into c. It is also consistent that $2^{ω ₁}$ is arbitrarily large,...

On preimages of ultrafilters in ZF

Horst Herrlich, Paul Howard, Kyriakos Keremedis (2016)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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We show that given infinite sets $X, Y$ and a function $f : X \to Y$ which is onto and $n$ -to-one for some $n \in ℕ$ , the preimage of any ultrafilter $ℱ$ of $Y$ under $f$ extends to an ultrafilter. We prove that the latter result is, in some sense, the best possible by constructing a permutation model $ℳ$ with a set of atoms $A$ and a finite-to-one onto function $f : A \to ω$ such that for each free ultrafilter of $ω$ its preimage under $f$ does not extend to an ultrafilter. In addition, we show that in $ℳ$ there exists an ultrafilter compact...

Level by level equivalence and the number of normal measures over $P_{κ} (λ)$

Arthur W. Apter (2007)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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We construct two models for the level by level equivalence between strong compactness and supercompactness in which if κ is λ supercompact and λ ≥ κ is regular, we are able to determine exactly the number of normal measures $P_{κ} (λ)$ carries. In the first of these models, $P_{κ} (λ)$ carries $2^{2^{{[λ]}^{< κ}}}$ many normal measures, the maximal number. In the second of these models, $P_{κ} (λ)$ carries $2^{2^{{[λ]}^{< κ}}}$ many normal measures, except if κ is a measurable cardinal which is not a limit of measurable cardinals. In this case, κ (and...

Another ⋄-like principle

Michael Hrušák (2001)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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A new ⋄-like principle $⋄_{}$ consistent with the negation of the Continuum Hypothesis is introduced and studied. It is shown that $\neg ⋄_{}$ is consistent with CH and that in many models of = ω₁ the principle $⋄_{}$ holds. As $⋄_{}$ implies that there is a MAD family of size ℵ₁ this provides a partial answer to a question of J. Roitman who asked whether = ω₁ implies = ω₁. It is proved that $⋄_{}$ holds in any model obtained by adding a single Laver real, answering a question of J. Brendle who asked whether = ω₁...

Preservation of properties of a map by forcing

Akira Iwasa (2022)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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Let $f : X \to Y$ be a continuous map such as an open map, a closed map or a quotient map. We study under what circumstances $f$ remains an open, closed or quotient map in forcing extensions.