Some classes of perfect strongly annihilating-ideal graphs associated with commutative rings

Mitra Jalali; Abolfazl Tehranian; Reza Nikandish; Hamid Rasouli

Displaying similar documents to “Some classes of perfect strongly annihilating-ideal graphs associated with commutative rings”

On graph associated to co-ideals of commutative semirings

Yahya Talebi, Atefeh Darzi (2017)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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Let $R$ be a commutative semiring with non-zero identity. In this paper, we introduce and study the graph $Ω (R)$ whose vertices are all elements of $R$ and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if the product of the co-ideals generated by $x$ and $y$ is $R$ . Also, we study the interplay between the graph-theoretic properties of this graph and some algebraic properties of semirings. Finally, we present some relationships between the zero-divisor graph $Γ (R)$ and $Ω (R)$ .

Some results on the annihilator graph of a commutative ring

Mojgan Afkhami, Kazem Khashyarmanesh, Zohreh Rajabi (2017)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $R$ be a commutative ring. The annihilator graph of $R$ , denoted by $AG (R)$ , is the undirected graph with all nonzero zero-divisors of $R$ as vertex set, and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if ${ann}_{R} (x y) \neq {ann}_{R} (x) \cup {ann}_{R} (y)$ , where for $z \in R$ , ${ann}_{R} (z) = {r \in R : r z = 0}$ . In this paper, we characterize all finite commutative rings $R$ with planar or outerplanar or ring-graph annihilator graphs. We characterize all finite commutative rings $R$ whose annihilator graphs have clique number $1$ , $2$ or $3$ . Also, we investigate some properties...

Classification of rings with toroidal Jacobson graph

Krishnan Selvakumar, Manoharan Subajini (2016)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $R$ be a commutative ring with nonzero identity and $J (R)$ the Jacobson radical of $R$ . The Jacobson graph of $R$ , denoted by $𝔍_{R}$ , is defined as the graph with vertex set $R ∖ J (R)$ such that two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $1 - x y$ is not a unit of $R$ . The genus of a simple graph $G$ is the smallest nonnegative integer $n$ such that $G$ can be embedded into an orientable surface $S_{n}$ . In this paper, we investigate the genus number of the compact Riemann surface in which $𝔍_{R}$ can be embedded and...

Saturation numbers for linear forests $P_{6} + t P_{2}$

Jingru Yan (2023)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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A graph $G$ is $H$ -saturated if it contains no $H$ as a subgraph, but does contain $H$ after the addition of any edge in the complement of $G$ . The saturation number, $sat (n, H)$ , is the minimum number of edges of a graph in the set of all $H$ -saturated graphs of order $n$ . We determine the saturation number $sat (n, P_{6} + t P_{2})$ for $n \geq \frac{10}{3} t + 10$ and characterize the extremal graphs for $n > \frac{10}{3} t + 20$ .

Degree sums of adjacent vertices for traceability of claw-free graphs

Tao Tian, Liming Xiong, Zhi-Hong Chen, Shipeng Wang (2022)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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The line graph of a graph $G$ , denoted by $L (G)$ , has $E (G)$ as its vertex set, where two vertices in $L (G)$ are adjacent if and only if the corresponding edges in $G$ have a vertex in common. For a graph $H$ , define ${\bar{σ}}_{2} (H) = min {d (u) + d (v) : u v \in E (H)}$ . Let $H$ be a 2-connected claw-free simple graph of order $n$ with $δ (H) \geq 3$ . We show that, if ${\bar{σ}}_{2} (H) \geq \frac{1}{7} (2 n - 5)$ and $n$ is sufficiently large, then either $H$ is traceable or the Ryjáček’s closure $cl (H) = L (G)$ , where $G$ is an essentially $2$ -edge-connected triangle-free graph that can be contracted to one of the two graphs of order 10...

The Turán number of the graph $3 P_{4}$

Halina Bielak, Sebastian Kieliszek (2014)

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio A – Mathematica

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Let $e x (n, G)$ denote the maximum number of edges in a graph on $n$ vertices which does not contain $G$ as a subgraph. Let $P_{i}$ denote a path consisting of $i$ vertices and let $m P_{i}$ denote $m$ disjoint copies of $P_{i}$ . In this paper we count $e x (n, 3 P_{4})$ .

Matchings in complete bipartite graphs and the $r$ -Lah numbers

Gábor Nyul, Gabriella Rácz (2021)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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We give a graph theoretic interpretation of $r$ -Lah numbers, namely, we show that the $r$ -Lah number ${⌊\binom{n}{k}⌋}_{r}$ counting the number of $r$ -partitions of an $(n + r)$ -element set into $k + r$ ordered blocks is just equal to the number of matchings consisting of $n - k$ edges in the complete bipartite graph with partite sets of cardinality $n$ and $n + 2 r - 1$ ( $0 \leq k \leq n$ , $r \geq 1$ ). We present five independent proofs including a direct, bijective one. Finally, we close our work with a similar result for $r$ -Stirling numbers of the second kind. ...

The small Ree group $^{2} G_{2} (3^{2 n + 1})$ and related graph

Alireza K. Asboei, Seyed S. S. Amiri (2018)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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Let $G$ be a finite group. The main supergraph $𝒮 (G)$ is a graph with vertex set $G$ in which two vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $o (x) ∣ o (y)$ or $o (y) ∣ o (x)$ . In this paper, we will show that $G ≅^{2} G_{2} (3^{2 n + 1})$ if and only if $𝒮 (G) ≅ 𝒮 (^{2} G_{2} (3^{2 n + 1}))$ . As a main consequence of our result we conclude that Thompson’s problem is true for the small Ree group $^{2} G_{2} (3^{2 n + 1})$ .

Even factor of bridgeless graphs containing two specified edges

Nastaran Haghparast, Dariush Kiani (2018)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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An even factor of a graph is a spanning subgraph in which each vertex has a positive even degree. Let $G$ be a bridgeless simple graph with minimum degree at least $3$ . Jackson and Yoshimoto (2007) showed that $G$ has an even factor containing two arbitrary prescribed edges. They also proved that $G$ has an even factor in which each component has order at least four. Moreover, Xiong, Lu and Han (2009) showed that for each pair of edges $e_{1}$ and $e_{2}$ of $G$ , there is an even factor containing $e_{1}$ and $e_{2}$ ...

On $g_{c}$ -colorings of nearly bipartite graphs

Yuzhuo Zhang, Xia Zhang (2018)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $G$ be a simple graph, let $d (v)$ denote the degree of a vertex $v$ and let $g$ be a nonnegative integer function on $V (G)$ with $0 \leq g (v) \leq d (v)$ for each vertex $v \in V (G)$ . A $g_{c}$ -coloring of $G$ is an edge coloring such that for each vertex $v \in V (G)$ and each color $c$ , there are at least $g (v)$ edges colored $c$ incident with $v$ . The $g_{c}$ -chromatic index of $G$ , denoted by $χ_{g_{c}}^{'} (G)$ , is the maximum number of colors such that a $g_{c}$ -coloring of $G$ exists. Any simple graph $G$ has the $g_{c}$ -chromatic index equal to $δ_{g} (G)$ or $δ_{g} (G) - 1$ , where $δ_{g} (G) = {min}_{v \in V (G)} ⌊ d (v) / g (v) ⌋$ . A graph $G$ is nearly bipartite,...

The prime ideals intersection graph of a ring

M. J. Nikmehr, B. Soleymanzadeh (2017)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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Let $R$ be a commutative ring with unity and $U (R)$ be the set of unit elements of $R$ . In this paper, we introduce and investigate some properties of a new kind of graph on the ring $R$ , namely, the prime ideals intersection graph of $R$ , denoted by $G_{p} (R)$ . The $G_{p} (R)$ is a graph with vertex set $R^{*} - U (R)$ and two distinct vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent if and only if there exists a prime ideal $𝔭$ of $R$ such that $a, b \in 𝔭$ . We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions on $R$ such that $G_{p} (R)$ is disconnected. We find the diameter and...

A co-ideal based identity-summand graph of a commutative semiring

S. Ebrahimi Atani, S. Dolati Pish Hesari, M. Khoramdel (2015)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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Let $I$ be a strong co-ideal of a commutative semiring $R$ with identity. Let $Γ_{I} (R)$ be a graph with the set of vertices $S_{I} (R) = {x \in R ∖ I : x + y \in I$ for some $y \in R ∖ I}$ , where two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $x + y \in I$ . We look at the diameter and girth of this graph. Also we discuss when $Γ_{I} (R)$ is bipartite. Moreover, studies are done on the planarity, clique, and chromatic number of this graph. Examples illustrating the results are presented.

Some results on the co-intersection graph of submodules of a module

Lotf Ali Mahdavi, Yahya Talebi (2018)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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Let $R$ be a ring with identity and $M$ be a unitary left $R$ -module. The co-intersection graph of proper submodules of $M$ , denoted by $Ω (M)$ , is an undirected simple graph whose vertex set $V (Ω)$ is a set of all nontrivial submodules of $M$ and two distinct vertices $N$ and $K$ are adjacent if and only if $N + K \neq M$ . We study the connectivity, the core and the clique number of $Ω (M)$ . Also, we provide some conditions on the module $M$ , under which the clique number of $Ω (M)$ is infinite and $Ω (M)$ is a planar graph. Moreover, we give...

Semi $n$ -ideals of commutative rings

Ece Yetkin Çelikel, Hani A. Khashan (2022)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity. A proper ideal $I$ is said to be an $n$ -ideal of $R$ if for $a, b \in R$ , $a b \in I$ and $a \notin \sqrt{0}$ imply $b \in I$ . We give a new generalization of the concept of $n$ -ideals by defining a proper ideal $I$ of $R$ to be a semi $n$ -ideal if whenever $a \in R$ is such that $a^{2} \in I$ , then $a \in \sqrt{0}$ or $a \in I$ . We give some examples of semi $n$ -ideal and investigate semi $n$ -ideals under various contexts of constructions such as direct products, homomorphic images and localizations. We present various characterizations of this new...