On successors in cardinal arithmetic
Orthomodular implication algebras (with or without compatibility condition) are a natural generalization of Abbott’s implication algebras, an implication reduct of the classical propositional logic. In the paper deductive systems (= congruence kernels) of such algebras are described by means of their restrictions to principal filters having the structure of orthomodular lattices.
In this short note we show that for fuzzy sets of type II the additive rule for cardinalities holds true. The proof of this result requires an application of approximate reasoning as means of inference by use of the entailment principle.
Let G* denote a nonprincipal ultrapower of a group G. In 1986 M.~Boffa posed a question equivalent to the following one: if G does not satisfy a positive law, does G* contain a free nonabelian subsemigroup? We give the affirmative answer to this question in the large class of groups containing all residually finite and all soluble groups, in fact, all groups considered in traditional textbooks on group theory.
The cardinal invariants of are known to satisfy that . We prove that all inequalities can be strict. We also introduce a new upper bound for and show that it can be less than . The key method is to utilize finite support matrix iterations of ccc posets following paper Ultrafilters with small generating sets by A. Blass and S. Shelah (1989).