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The class of 2-dimensional neat reducts is not elementary

Tarek Sayed Ahmed (2002)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

SC, CA, QA and QEA stand for the classes of Pinter's substitution algebras, Tarski's cylindric algebras, Halmos' quasipolyadic algebras and Halmos' quasipolyadic algebras with equality, respectively. Generalizing a result of Andréka and Németi on cylindric algebras, we show that for K ∈ SC,QA,CA,QEA and any β > 2 the class of 2-dimensional neat reducts of β-dimensional algebras in K is not closed under forming elementary subalgebras, hence is not elementary. Whether this result extends to higher...

The existence of states on every Archimedean atomic lattice effect algebra with at most five blocks

Zdena Riečanová (2008)

Kybernetika

Effect algebras are very natural logical structures as carriers of probabilities and states. They were introduced for modeling of sets of propositions, properties, questions, or events with fuzziness, uncertainty or unsharpness. Nevertheless, there are effect algebras without any state, and questions about the existence (for non-modular) are still unanswered. We show that every Archimedean atomic lattice effect algebra with at most five blocks (maximal MV-subalgebras) has at least one state, which...

The n m -propositional calculus

Carlos Gallardo, Alicia Ziliani (2015)

Mathematica Bohemica

T. Almada and J. Vaz de Carvalho (2001) stated the problem to investigate if these Łukasiewicz algebras are algebras of some logic system. In this article an affirmative answer is given and the n m -propositional calculus, denoted by n m , is introduced in terms of the binary connectives (implication), (standard implication), (conjunction), (disjunction) and the unary ones f (negation) and D i , 1 i n - 1 (generalized Moisil operators). It is proved that n m belongs to the class of standard systems of implicative...

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