Equations in one variable over function fields
1. Introduction. The study of divisor functions of matrices arose legitimately in the context of arithmetic of matrices, and the question of the number of (possibly weighted) inequivalent factorizations of an integer matrix was asked. However, till now only partial answers were available. Nanda [6] evaluated the case of prime matrices and Narang [7] gave an evaluation for 2×2 matrices. We obtained a recursion in the size of the matrices and the weights of the divisors [1,2] which helped us obtain...
We consider inequalities between sums of monomials that hold for all p-Newton sequences. This continues recent work in which inequalities between sums of two, two-term monomials were combinatorially characterized (via the indices involved). Our focus is on the case of sums of three, two-term monomials, but this is very much more complicated. We develop and use a theory of exponential polynomial inequalities to give a sufficient condition for general monomial sum inequalities, and use the sufficient...
We prove that there are absolute constants and such that for everythere aresuch thathas at least distinct sign changes in . This improves and extends earlier results of Bloch and Pólya.
Let f be an arithmetical function. A set S = x₁,..., xₙ of n distinct positive integers is called multiple closed if y ∈ S whenever x|y|lcm(S) for any x ∈ S, where lcm(S) is the least common multiple of all elements in S. We show that for any multiple closed set S and for any divisor chain S (i.e. x₁|...|xₙ), if f is a completely multiplicative function such that (f*μ)(d) is a nonzero integer whenever d|lcm(S), then the matrix having f evaluated at the greatest common divisor of and as its...
The Fermat equation is solved in integral two by two matrices of determinant one as well as in finite order integral three by three matrices.
We show how an old principle, due to Walsh (1922), can be used in order to construct an algorithm which finds the roots of polynomials with complex coefficients. This algorithm uses a linear command. From the very first step, the zero is located inside a disk, so several zeros can be searched at the same time.
We prove that there are only finitely many positive integers such that there is some integer such that is 1 or a prime for all , thus solving a problem of Byeon and Stark.