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Levels of rings - a survey

Detlev W. Hoffmann (2016)

Banach Center Publications

Let R be a ring with 1 ≠ 0. The level s(R) of R is the least integer n such that -1 is a sum of n squares in R provided such an integer exists, otherwise one defines the level to be infinite. In this survey, we give an overview on the history and the major results concerning the level of rings and some related questions on sums of squares in rings with finite level. The main focus will be on levels of fields, of simple noncommutative rings, in particular division rings, and of arbitrary commutative...

Local-global principle for quadratic forms over fraction fields of two-dimensional henselian domains

Yong HU (2012)

Annales de l’institut Fourier

Let R be a 2-dimensional normal excellent henselian local domain in which 2 is invertible and let L and k be its fraction field and residue field respectively. Let Ω R be the set of rank 1 discrete valuations of L corresponding to codimension 1 points of regular proper models of Spec R . We prove that a quadratic form q over L satisfies the local-global principle with respect to Ω R in the following two cases: (1) q has rank 3 or 4; (2) q has rank 5 and R = A [ [ y ] ] , where A is a complete discrete valuation ring with...

On an isotropy criterion for quadratic forms over function fields of curves over non-dyadic complete discrete valuation rings

David Grimm (2016)

Banach Center Publications

Harbater, Hartmann and Krashen obtained in 2015 a criterion for the existence of rational points on projective (or principal) homogeneous varieties for rational connected algebraic groups defined over function fields of normal curves over a complete discrete valuation ring in terms of completions of local rings at special points. This was obtained by a reduction via Artin approximation to a related patching problem solved by the same authors in 2009. In the special case of projective quadrics, we...

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