A combinatorial proof of a result from number theory.
An elementary proof is given of an arithmetic formula, which was stated but not proved by Liouville. An application of this formula yields a formula for the number of representations of a positive integer as the sum of twelve triangular numbers.
My recent book Antieigenvalue Analysis, World-Scientific, 2012, presented the theory of antieigenvalues from its inception in 1966 up to 2010, and its applications within those forty-five years to Numerical Analysis, Wavelets, Statistics, Quantum Mechanics, Finance, and Optimization. Here I am able to offer three further areas of application: Continuum Mechanics, Economics, and Number Theory. In particular, the critical angle of repose in a continuum model of granular materials is shown to be exactly...