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Congruences for q [ p / 8 ] ( m o d p )

Zhi-Hong Sun (2013)

Acta Arithmetica

Let ℤ be the set of integers, and let (m,n) be the greatest common divisor of the integers m and n. Let p ≡ 1 (mod 4) be a prime, q ∈ ℤ, 2 ∤ q and p=c²+d²=x²+qy² with c,d,x,y ∈ ℤ and c ≡ 1 (mod 4). Suppose that (c,x+d)=1 or (d,x+c) is a power of 2. In this paper, by using the quartic reciprocity law, we determine q [ p / 8 ] ( m o d p ) in terms of c,d,x and y, where [·] is the greatest integer function. Hence we partially solve some conjectures posed in our previous two papers.

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