Some Remarks on Vinogradov's Mean Value Theorem and Tarry's Problem.
This paper generalizes some results from another one, namely [3]. We have studied the issues of expressing natural numbers as a sum of powers of natural numbers in paper [3]. It means we have studied sets of type where were given natural numbers. Now we are going to study a more general case, i.e. sets of natural numbers that are expressed as sum of integral parts of functional values of some special functions. It means that we are interested in sets of natural numbers in the form
We show that the intersection of the images of two polynomial maps on a given interval is sparse. More precisely, we prove the following. Let be polynomials of degrees d and e with d ≥ e ≥ 2. Suppose M ∈ ℤ satisfies , where E = e(e+1)/2 and κ = (1/d - 1/d²) (E-1)/E + ε. Assume f(x)-g(y) is absolutely irreducible. Then .