Extension of two inequalities of Payne.
Let , where k is a nonnegative kernel increasing in x, decreasing in y, and satisfying a triangle inequality. An nth-order Opial inequality has the form . Such inequalities can always be simplified to nth-order reduced inequalities, where the exponent . When n = 1, the reduced inequality is a standard weighted norm inequality, and characterizing the weights is easy. We also find necessary and sufficient conditions on the weights for second-order reduced Opial inequalities to hold.
We prove fractional order Hardy inequalities on open sets under a combined fatness and visibility condition on the boundary. We demonstrate by counterexamples that fatness conditions alone are not sufficient for such Hardy inequalities to hold. In addition, we give a short exposition of various fatness conditions related to our main result, and apply fractional Hardy inequalities in connection with the boundedness of extension operators for fractional Sobolev spaces.