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At the Origins of Functional Analysis: G. Peano and M. Gramegna on Ordinary Differential Equations

Erika Luciano (2006)

Revue d'histoire des mathématiques

In the context of the theory of infinite matrices and linear operators, two articles by Peano and by Gramegna on systems of linear differential equations have interesting implications for the reconstruction of research on functional analysis between 1887 and 1910. With the aim of evaluating their historical value, linked to logic and vector calculus, this paper provides a detailed analysis of their treatment, demonstrating the modernity of the analytic tools used. In this paper we also reveal the...

Calcul symbolique et calcul intégral de Lagrange à Cauchy

Jean-Pierre Lubet (2010)

Revue d'histoire des mathématiques

Dans un mémoire publié en 1774, Lagrange utilise des méthodes reposant sur l’analogie des puissances positives et des différences, et des puissances négatives et des sommes, qui lui permettent, notamment, d’obtenir diverses formules d’intégration. D’autres auteurs s’engagent alors dans cette voie. Les problèmes de calcul intégral jouent un rôle important dans le développement de diverses formes de calcul symbolique et celui-ci fait la preuve de son efficacité dans ce domaine : il permet de généraliser...

Differential equations and algebraic transcendents: french efforts at the creation of a Galois theory of differential equations 1880–1910

Tom Archibald (2011)

Revue d'histoire des mathématiques

A “Galois theory” of differential equations was first proposed by Émile Picard in 1883. Picard, then a young mathematician in the course of making his name, sought an analogue to Galois’s theory of polynomial equations for linear differential equations with rational coefficients. His main results were limited by unnecessary hypotheses, as was shown in 1892 by his student Ernest Vessiot, who both improved Picard’s results and altered his approach, leading Picard to assert that his lay closest to...

Eighty fifth anniversary of birthday and scientific legacy of Professor Miloš Ráb

Ondřej Došlý, Eva Jansová, Josef Kalas (2014)

Archivum Mathematicum

The paper is concentrated on Professor Miloš Ráb and his contribution to the theory of oscillatory properties of solutions of second and third order linear differential equations, the theory of differential equations with complex coefficients and dynamical systems, and the theory of nonlinear second order differential equations. At the beginning, we take a brief look at the most important moments in his life. Afterwards, we describe his scientific activities on mentioned theories.

Junius Massau et l’intégration graphique

Dominique Tournès (2003)

Revue d'histoire des mathématiques

L’ingénieur belge Junius Massau (1852–1909) est considéré comme le créateur de l’intégration graphique. Il a mis au point des techniques élaborées de calcul par le trait pour construire avec précision les courbes intégrales des équations différentielles y ' = f ( x ) et, plus généralement, y ' = f ( x , y ) . Il s’est également penché sur l’intégration graphique des équations aux dérivées partielles. L’article se propose d’analyser ces travaux méconnus et de les replacer dans le contexte des mathématiques pratiquées par les...

The XVI-th Hilbert problem about limit cycles

Henryk Żołądek (1995)

Banach Center Publications

1. Introduction. The XVI-th Hilbert problem consists of two parts. The first part concerns the real algebraic geometry and asks about the topological properties of real algebraic curves and surfaces. The second part deals with polynomial planar vector fields and asks for the number and position of limit cycles. The progress in the solution of the first part of the problem is significant. The classification of algebraic curves in the projective plane was solved for degrees less than 8. Among general...

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