A symmetric quandle is a quandle with a good involution. For a knot in ℝ³, a knotted surface in ℝ⁴ or an n-manifold knot in , the knot symmetric quandle is defined. We introduce the notion of a symmetric quandle presentation, and show how to get a presentation of a knot symmetric quandle from a diagram.
We consider smooth knottings of compact (not necessarily orientable) n-dimensional manifolds in (or ), for the cases n=2 or n=3. In a previous paper we have generalized the notion of the Reidemeister moves of classical knot theory. In this paper we examine in more detail the above mentioned dimensions. Examples are given; in particular we examine projections of twist-spun knots. Knot moves are given which demonstrate the triviality of the 1-twist spun trefoil. Another application is a smooth...
We give some criteria for the equisingularity of families of affine plane curves.