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Linking and the Morse complex

Michael Usher (2014)

Annales de la faculté des sciences de Toulouse Mathématiques

For a Morse function f on a compact oriented manifold M , we show that f has more critical points than the number required by the Morse inequalities if and only if there exists a certain class of link in M whose components have nontrivial linking number, such that the minimal value of f on one of the components is larger than its maximal value on the other. Indeed we characterize the precise number of critical points of f in terms of the Betti numbers of M and the behavior of f with respect to links....

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