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Relative Measurement and Its Generalization in Decision Making. Why Pairwise Comparisons are Central in Mathematics for the Measurement of Intangible Factors. The Analytic Hierarchy/Network Process.

Thomas L. Saaty (2008)

RACSAM

According to the great mathematician Henri Lebesgue, making direct comparisons of objects with regard to a property is a fundamental mathematical process for deriving measurements. Measuring objects by using a known scale first then comparing the measurements works well for properties for which scales of measurement exist. The theme of this paper is that direct comparisons are necessary to establish measurements for intangible properties that have no scales of measurement. In that case the value...

Ridge estimation of covariance matrix from data in two classes

Yi Zhou, Bin Zhang (2024)

Applications of Mathematics

This paper deals with the problem of estimating a covariance matrix from the data in two classes: (1) good data with the covariance matrix of interest and (2) contamination coming from a Gaussian distribution with a different covariance matrix. The ridge penalty is introduced to address the problem of high-dimensional challenges in estimating the covariance matrix from the two-class data model. A ridge estimator of the covariance matrix has a uniform expression and keeps positive-definite, whether...

Ridge Estimator Revisited

Lubomír Kubáček (2012)

Acta Universitatis Palackianae Olomucensis. Facultas Rerum Naturalium. Mathematica

Bad conditioned matrix of normal equations in connection with small values of model parameters is a source of problems in parameter estimation. One solution gives the ridge estimator. Some modification of it is the aim of the paper. The behaviour of it in models with constraints is investigated as well.

Robust median estimator for generalized linear models with binary responses

Tomáš Hobza, Leandro Pardo, Igor Vajda (2012)

Kybernetika

The paper investigates generalized linear models (GLM's) with binary responses such as the logistic, probit, log-log, complementary log-log, scobit and power logit models. It introduces a median estimator of the underlying structural parameters of these models based on statistically smoothed binary responses. Consistency and asymptotic normality of this estimator are proved. Examples of derivation of the asymptotic covariance matrix under the above mentioned models are presented. Finally some comments...

Robust m-estimator of parameters in variance components model

Roman Zmyślony, Stefan Zontek (2002)

Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics

It is shown that a method of robust estimation in a two way crossed classification mixed model, recently proposed by Bednarski and Zontek (1996), can be extended to a more general case of variance components model with commutative a covariance matrices.

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