Riemannsche Flächen mit grosser Kragenweite.
A G-shift of finite type (G-SFT) is a shift of finite type which commutes with the continuous action of a finite group G. For irreducible G-SFTs we classify right closing almost conjugacy, answering a question of Bill Parry.
In an Artinian ring R every element of R can be expressed as the sum of two units if and only if R/J(R) does not contain a summand isomorphic to the field with two elements. This result is used to describe those finite rings R for which Γ(R) contains a Hamiltonian cycle where Γ(R) is the (simple) graph defined on the elements of R with an edge between vertices r and s if and only if r - s is invertible. It is also shown that for an Artinian ring R the number of connected components of the graph...
A Roman dominating function on a graph G is a function f:V(G) → 0,1,2 satisfying the condition that every vertex u for which f(u) = 0 is adjacent to at least one vertex v for which f(v) = 2. The weight of a Roman dominating function is the value . The Roman domination number, , of G is the minimum weight of a Roman dominating function on G. In this paper, we define the Roman bondage of a graph G with maximum degree at least two to be the minimum cardinality of all sets E’ ⊆ E(G) for which ....
A graph H is obtained from a graph G by an edge rotation if G contains three distinct vertices u,v, and w such that uv ∈ E(G), uw ∉ E(G), and H = G-uv+uw. A graph H is obtained from a graph G by an edge jump if G contains four distinct vertices u,v,w, and x such that uv ∈ E(G), wx∉ E(G), and H = G-uv+wx. If a graph H is obtained from a graph G by a sequence of edge jumps, then G is said to be j-transformed into H. It is shown that for every two graphs G and H of the same order (at least 5) and same...
-graphs are a type of graphs associated to groups, which were proposed by A. Bretto and A. Faisant (2005). In this paper, we first give some theorems regarding -graphs. Then we introduce the notion of rough -graphs and investigate some important properties of these graphs.