Character polynomials, their -analogs and the Kronecker product.
We give an intrinsic characterisation of the separable reflexive Banach spaces that embed into separable reflexive spaces with an unconditional basis all of whose normalised block sequences with the same growth rate are equivalent. This uses methods of E. Odell and T. Schlumprecht.
For a finite group , , the intersection graph of , is a simple graph whose vertices are all nontrivial proper subgroups of and two distinct vertices and are adjacent when . In this paper, we classify all finite nonsimple groups whose intersection graphs have a leaf and also we discuss the characterizability of them using their intersection graphs.
In this paper, we present characterizations of pairs of graphs whose join graphs are 2-minimally nonouterplanar. In addition, we present a characterization of pairs of graphs whose join graphs are 2-minimally nonouterplanar in terms of forbidden subgraphs.
Let G be a simple graph, and let p be a positive integer. A subset D ⊆ V(G) is a p-dominating set of the graph G, if every vertex v ∈ V(G)-D is adjacent with at least p vertices of D. The p-domination number γₚ(G) is the minimum cardinality among the p-dominating sets of G. Note that the 1-domination number γ₁(G) is the usual domination number γ(G). If G is a nontrivial connected block graph, then we show that γ₂(G) ≥ γ(G)+1, and we characterize all connected block graphs with...
A subset S of vertices in a graph G is called a total irredundant set if, for each vertex v in G, v or one of its neighbors has no neighbor in S −{v}. The total irredundance number, ir(G), is the minimum cardinality of a maximal total irredundant set of G, while the upper total irredundance number, IR(G), is the maximum cardinality of a such set. In this paper we characterize all cubic graphs G with irt(G) = IRt(G) = 2
The line graph of a graph with signed edges carries vertex signs. A vertex-signed graph is consistent if every circle (cycle, circuit) has positive vertex-sign product. Acharya, Acharya, and Sinha recently characterized line-consistent signed graphs, i.e., edge-signed graphs whose line graphs, with the naturally induced vertex signature, are consistent. Their proof applies Hoede’s relatively difficult characterization of consistent vertex-signed graphs. We give a simple proof that does not depend...
For an ordered set of vertices and a vertex in a connected graph , the ordered -vector is called the metric representation of with respect to , where is the distance between vertices and . A set is called a resolving set for if distinct vertices of have distinct representations with respect to . The minimum cardinality of a resolving set for is its metric dimension. In this paper, we characterize all graphs of order with metric dimension .