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On the equation a p + 2 α b p + c p = 0

Kenneth A. Ribet (1997)

Acta Arithmetica

We discuss the equation a p + 2 α b p + c p = 0 in which a, b, and c are non-zero relatively prime integers, p is an odd prime number, and α is a positive integer. The technique used to prove Fermat’s Last Theorem shows that the equation has no solutions with α < 1 or b even. When α=1 and b is odd, there are the two trivial solutions (±1, ∓ 1, ±1). In 1952, Dénes conjectured that these are the only ones. Using methods of Darmon, we prove this conjecture for p≡ 1 mod 4.

On the equation a³ + b³ⁿ = c²

Michael A. Bennett, Imin Chen, Sander R. Dahmen, Soroosh Yazdani (2014)

Acta Arithmetica

We study coprime integer solutions to the equation a³ + b³ⁿ = c² using Galois representations and modular forms. This case represents perhaps the last natural family of generalized Fermat equations descended from spherical cases which is amenable to resolution using the so-called modular method. Our techniques involve an elaborate combination of ingredients, ranging from ℚ-curves and a delicate multi-Frey approach, to appeal to intricate image of inertia arguments.

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