The authors examine the frequency distribution of second-order recurrence sequences that are not $p$-regular, for an odd prime $p$, and apply their results to compute bounds for the frequencies of $p$-singular elements of $p$-regular second-order recurrences modulo powers of the prime $p$. The authors’ results have application to the $p$-stability of second-order recurrence sequences.

Let $h$ be a complex valued multiplicative function. For any $N\in \mathbb{N}$, we compute the value of the determinant $D_N:={det}_{i|N,j|N}\left(\frac{h\left(\left(i,j\right)\right)}{ij}\right)$ where $\left(i,j\right)$ denotes the greatest common divisor of $i$ and $j$, which appear in increasing order in rows and columns. Precisely we prove that $$D_N=\prod _{p{}^l\parallel N}{\left(\frac{1}{p^{l\left(l+1\right)}}\stackrel{l}{\prod _{i=1}}\left(h\left(p^i\right)-h\left(p^{i-1}\right)\right)\right)}^{\tau \left(N/p^l\right)}.$$ This means that $D_N^{1/\tau \left(N\right)}$ is a multiplicative function of $N$. The algebraic apparatus associated with this result allows us to prove the following two results. The first one is the characterization of real multiplicative functions $f\left(n\right)$, with $0\le f\left(p\right)<1$, as minimal values of certain...

We give the answer to the question in the title by proving that $$L_{18}=5778=5555+222+1$$ is the largest Lucas number expressible as a sum of exactly three repdigits. Therefore, there are many Lucas numbers which are sums of three repdigits.

Nous caractérisons, dans cet article, les fonctions multiplicatives presque périodiques au sens de Bésicovith ayant un spectre de Fourier non vide.

We analise periodic functions (mod r), keeping Cauchy multiplication as the basic tool, and pay particular attention to even functions (mod r) having the property f(n) = f((n,r)) for all n. We provide some new aspects into the Hilbert space structure of even functions (mod r) and make use of linera transformations to interpret the known number-theoretic formulae involving solutions of congruences.

We give Lambek-Carlitz type characterization for completely multiplicative reduced incidence functions in Möbius categories of full binomial type. The $q$-analog of the Lambek-Carlitz type characterization of exponential series is also established.