A sum of exponentials of the form $f\left(x\right)=exp\left(2\pi i{N}_{1}x\right)+exp\left(2\pi i{N}_{2}x\right)+\cdots +exp\left(2\pi i{N}_{m}x\right)$, where the $N_k$ are distinct integers is called an idempotent trigonometric polynomial (because the convolution of $f$ with itself is $f$) or, simply, an idempotent. We show that for every $p\>1,$ and every set $E$ of the torus $𝕋=ℝ/\mathbb{Z}$ with $\left|E\right|\>0,$ there are idempotents concentrated on $E$ in the $L^p$ sense. More precisely, for each $p\>1,$ there is an explicitly calculated constant $C_p\>0$ so that for each $E$ with $\left|E\right|\>0$ and $ϵ\>0$ one can find an idempotent $f$ such that the ratio ${\left({\int }_E{\left|f\right|}^p/{\int }_{𝕋}{\left|f\right|}^p\right)}^{1/p}$ is greater than $C_p-ϵ$. This is in fact...

Soit $a$ un réel de $]0,1[$. Nous étudions le système d’équations de convolution suivant$$(*)\forall x\in {\mathbf{R}}^2,f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{4}\sum _{\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{ϵ=\pm 1}{{ϵ}^{\text{'}}=\pm 1}}f(x+(ϵ,{ϵ}^{\text{'}}\left)\right)=\frac{1}{4}\sum _{\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{ϵ=\pm 1}{{ϵ}^{\text{'}}=\pm 1}}f(x+a(ϵ,{ϵ}^{\text{'}}\left)\right).$$Nous démontrons que les exponentielles polynômes solutions de $(*)$ sont denses dans l’espace des solutions $C^{\infty }$ du système d’équations; l’idéal de ${ℰ}^{\text{'}}({\mathbf{R}}^2)$ engendré par les transformées de Fourier des deux mesures intervenant ici est “slowly decreasing” au sens de Berenstein-Taylor. Lorsque $a$ n’est pas un nombre de Liouville, nous montrons qu’il existe un ouvert relativement compact telle que toute solution distribution de $(*)$ régulière...

Let $E/F$ be a Galois extension of number fields with $\Gamma =$ Gal$(E/F)$ and with property that the divisors of $(E:F)$ are non-ramified in $E/\mathbf{Q}$. We denote the ring of integers of $E$ by ${𝒪}_E$ and we study ${𝒪}_E$ as a $\mathbf{Z}\Gamma$-module. In particular we show that the fourth power of the (locally free) class of ${𝒪}_E$ is the trivial class. To obtain this result we use Fröhlich’s description of class groups of modules and his representative for the class of ${ℰ}_E$, together with new determinantal congruences for cyclic group rings and corresponding congruences...