We prove that some Banach spaces X have the property that every Banach space that can be isometrically embedded in X can be isometrically and linearly embedded in X. We do not know if this is a general property of Banach spaces. As a consequence we characterize for which ordinal numbers α, β there exists an isometric embedding between and .
Let be a bounded countable metric space and a constant, such that , for any pairwise distinct points of . For such metric spaces we prove that they can be isometrically embedded into any Banach space containing an isomorphic copy of .
It is shown that imbeds isometrically into provided that n is a prime power plus one, in the complex case. This and similar imbeddings are constructed using elementary techniques from number theory, combinatorics and coding theory. The imbeddings are related to existence of certain cubature formulas in numerical analysis.
The relationships between the JB*-triple structure of a complex spin factor S and the structure of the Hilbert space H associated to S are discussed. Every surjective linear isometry L of S can be uniquely represented in the form L(x) = mu.U(x) for some conjugation commuting unitary operator U on H and some mu belonging to C, |mu|=1. Automorphisms of S are characterized as those linear maps (continuity not assumed) that preserve minimal tripotents in S and the orthogonality relations among them.
We show that if T is an isometry (as metric spaces) from an open subgroup of the group of invertible elements in a unital semisimple commutative Banach algebra A onto a open subgroup of the group of invertible elements in a unital Banach algebra B, then is an isometrical group isomorphism. In particular, extends to an isometrical real algebra isomorphism from A onto B.
We describe all surjective isometries between open subgroups of the groups of invertible elements in unital C*-algebras. As a consequence the two C*-algebras are Jordan *-isomorphic if and only if the groups of invertible elements in those C*-algebras are isometric as metric spaces.
We study isometries between spaces of weighted holomorphic functions. We show that such isometries have a canonical form determined by a group of homeomorphisms of a distinguished subset of the range and domain. A number of invariants for these isometries are determined. For specific families of weights we classify the form isometries can take.
A characterization of isometries of complex Musielak-Orlicz spaces is given. If is not a Hilbert space and is a surjective isometry, then there exist a regular set isomorphism τ from (T,Σ,μ) onto itself and a measurable function w such that U(f) = w ·(f ∘ τ) for all . Isometries of real Nakano spaces, a particular case of Musielak-Orlicz spaces, are also studied.