Functions in $L_{p}$-space and their approximations

P. Chandra

Displaying similar documents to “Functions in $L_{p}$ -space and their approximations”

Convergence of greedy approximation II. The trigonometric system

S. V. Konyagin, V. N. Temlyakov (2003)

Studia Mathematica

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We study the following nonlinear method of approximation by trigonometric polynomials. For a periodic function f we take as an approximant a trigonometric polynomial of the form $G ₘ (f) : = \sum_{k \in Λ} f ̂ (k) e^{i (k, x)}$ , where $Λ \subset ℤ^{d}$ is a set of cardinality m containing the indices of the m largest (in absolute value) Fourier coefficients f̂(k) of the function f. Note that Gₘ(f) gives the best m-term approximant in the L₂-norm, and therefore, for each f ∈ L₂, ||f-Gₘ(f)||₂ → 0 as m → ∞. It is known from previous results that in...

Lebesgue type points in strong (C,α) approximation of Fourier series

Włodzimierz Łenski, Bogdan Roszak (2011)

Banach Center Publications

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We present an estimation of the $H_{k ₀, k_{r}}^{q, α} f$ and $H_{λ, u}^{ϕ, α} f$ means as approximation versions of the Totik type generalization (see [5], [6]) of the result of G. H. Hardy, J. E. Littlewood. Some corollaries on the norm approximation are also given.

$L_{\infty}$ -Convergence of Finite Element Approximation

J. A. Nitsche (1975)

Publications mathématiques et informatique de Rennes

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On the multiples of a badly approximable vector

Yann Bugeaud (2015)

Acta Arithmetica

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Let d be a positive integer and α a real algebraic number of degree d + 1. Set $α ̲ : = (α, α ², . . ., α^{d})$ . It is well-known that $c (α ̲) : = l i m i n f_{q \to \infty} q^{1 / d} \cdot | | q α ̲ | | > 0$ , where ||·|| denotes the distance to the nearest integer. Furthermore, $c (α ̲) n^{- 1 / d} \leq c (n α ̲) \leq n c (α ̲)$ for any integer n ≥ 1. Our main result asserts that there exists a real number C, depending only on α, such that $c (n α ̲) \leq C n^{- 1 / d}$ for any integer n ≥ 1.

On the approximation of real continuous functions by series of solutions of a single system of partial differential equations

Carsten Elsner (2006)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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We prove the existence of an effectively computable integer polynomial P(x,t₀,...,t₅) having the following property. Every continuous function $f : ℝ^{s} \to ℝ$ can be approximated with arbitrary accuracy by an infinite sum $\sum_{r = 1}^{\infty} H_{r} (x ₁, . . ., x_{s}) \in C^{\infty} (ℝ^{s})$ of analytic functions $H_{r}$ , each solving the same system of universal partial differential equations, namely $P (x_{σ}; H_{r}, \partial H_{r} / \partial x_{σ}, . . ., \partial ⁵ H_{r} / \partial x ⁵_{σ} ⁵) = 0$ (σ = 1,..., s).

Some duality results on bounded approximation properties of pairs

Eve Oja, Silja Treialt (2013)

Studia Mathematica

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The main result is as follows. Let X be a Banach space and let Y be a closed subspace of X. Assume that the pair $(X *, Y^{⊥})$ has the λ-bounded approximation property. Then there exists a net $(S_{α})$ of finite-rank operators on X such that $S_{α} (Y) \subset Y$ and $| | S_{α} | | \leq λ$ for all α, and $(S_{α})$ and $(S *_{α})$ converge pointwise to the identity operators on X and X*, respectively. This means that the pair (X,Y) has the λ-bounded duality approximation property.

Analytical theory of nonlinear oscillations $X$ : some classes of equations $\ddot{x}+g(x)=0$ with no finite Fourier series solution

Chike Obi (1979)

Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali. Rendiconti

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Si dimostra che l'equazione considerata nel titolo ammette soluzioni periodiche rappresentabili da una serie di Fourier con un numero finito di termini solo se $g(x)$ è lineare.

On $L^{p}$ integrability and convergence of trigonometric series

Dansheng Yu, Ping Zhou, Songping Zhou (2007)

Studia Mathematica

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We first give a necessary and sufficient condition for $x^{- γ} ϕ (x) \in L^{p}$ , 1 < p < ∞, 1/p - 1 < γ < 1/p, where ϕ(x) is the sum of either $\sum_{k = 1}^{\infty} a_{k} c o s k x$ or $\sum_{k = 1}^{\infty} b_{k} s i n k x$ , under the condition that λₙ (where λₙ is aₙ or bₙ respectively) belongs to the class of so called Mean Value Bounded Variation Sequences (MVBVS). Then we discuss the relations among the Fourier coefficients λₙ and the sum function ϕ(x) under the condition that λₙ ∈ MVBVS, and deduce a sharp estimate for the weighted modulus of continuity of ϕ(x)...

Around the Littlewood conjecture in Diophantine approximation

Yann Bugeaud (2014)

Publications mathématiques de Besançon

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The Littlewood conjecture in Diophantine approximation claims that $inf_{q \geq 1} q \cdot ∥ q α ∥ \cdot ∥ q β ∥ = 0$ holds for all real numbers $α$ and $β$ , where $∥ \cdot ∥$ denotes the distance to the nearest integer. Its $p$ -adic analogue, formulated by de Mathan and Teulié in 2004, asserts that $inf_{q \geq 1} q \cdot ∥ q α ∥ \cdot {| q |}_{p} = 0$ holds for every real number $α$ and every prime number $p$ , where ${| \cdot |}_{p}$ denotes the $p$ -adic absolute value normalized by ${| p |}_{p} = p^{- 1}$ . We survey the known results on these conjectures and highlight recent developments. ...

Rational approximation to real points on conics

Damien Roy (2013)

Annales de l’institut Fourier

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A point $(ξ_{1}, ξ_{2})$ with coordinates in a subfield of $ℝ$ of transcendence degree one over $ℚ$ , with $1, ξ_{1}, ξ_{2}$ linearly independent over $ℚ$ , may have a uniform exponent of approximation by elements of $ℚ^{2}$ that is strictly larger than the lower bound $1 / 2$ given by Dirichlet’s box principle. This appeared as a surprise, in connection to work of Davenport and Schmidt, for points of the parabola ${(ξ, ξ^{2}); ξ \in ℝ}$ . The goal of this paper is to show that this phenomenon extends to all real conics defined over $ℚ$ , and that the largest...

A further note on a class of $I_{0}$ -sets

David Grow (1987)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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Fourier approximation and embeddings of Sobolev spaces

D. E. Edmunds, V. B. Moscatelli

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CONTENTSIntroduction............................................................................................................ 51. Preliminaries............................................................................................................. 82. Embedding into $W^{m, p} (Ω)$ into $L^{S} (Ω)$ (n>1).......................................... 103. The case n = 1.......................................................................................................... 284. Embedding $W^{m, p} (Ω)$ into $L^{φ} (Ω)$ ...............................................................

Approximation properties of β-expansions

Simon Baker (2015)

Acta Arithmetica

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Let β ∈ (1,2) and x ∈ [0,1/(β-1)]. We call a sequence ${(ϵ_{i})}_{i = 1}^{\infty} \in {0, 1}^{ℕ}$ a β-expansion for x if $x = \sum_{i = 1}^{\infty} ϵ_{i} β^{- i}$ . We call a finite sequence ${(ϵ_{i})}_{i = 1}^{n} \in {0, 1}^{n}$ an n-prefix for x if it can be extended to form a β-expansion of x. In this paper we study how good an approximation is provided by the set of n-prefixes. Given $Ψ : ℕ \to ℝ_{\geq 0}$ , we introduce the following subset of ℝ: $W_{β} (Ψ) : = ⋂_{m = 1}^{\infty} ⋃_{n = m}^{\infty} ⋃_{{(ϵ_{i})}_{i = 1}^{n} \in {0, 1}^{n}} [\sum_{i = 1}^{n} (ϵ_{i}) / (β^{i}), \sum_{i = 1}^{n} (ϵ_{i}) / (β^{i}) + Ψ (n)]$ In other words, $W_{β} (Ψ)$ is the set of x ∈ ℝ for which there exist infinitely many solutions to the inequalities $0 \leq x - \sum_{i = 1}^{n} (ϵ_{i}) / (β^{i}) \leq Ψ (n)$ . When $\sum_{n = 1}^{\infty} 2^{n} Ψ (n) < \infty$ , the Borel-Cantelli lemma tells us that the Lebesgue measure...

Three-space problems for the approximation property

A. Szankowski (2009)

Journal of the European Mathematical Society

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It is shown that there is a subspace $Z_{q}$ of $ℓ_{q}$ for $1 < q < 2$ which is isomorphic to $ℓ_{q}$ such that $ℓ_{q} / Z_{q}$ does not have the approximation property. On the other hand, for $2 < p < \infty$ there is a subspace $Y_{p}$ of $ℓ_{p}$ such that $Y_{p}$ does not have the approximation property (AP) but the quotient space $ℓ_{p} / Y_{p}$ is isomorphic to $ℓ_{p}$ . The result is obtained by defining random “Enflo-Davie spaces” $Y_{p}$ which with full probability fail AP for all $2 < p \leq \infty$ and have AP for all $1 \leq p \leq 2$ . For $1 < p \leq 2$ , $Y_{p}$ are isomorphic to $ℓ_{p}$ .

On spirallike functions of order $α$ and type $β$ with fixed second coefficient

M. K. Aouf (1988)

Matematički Vesnik

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An approximation property of quadratic irrationals

Takao Komatsu (2002)

Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France

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Let $α > 1$ be irrational. Several authors studied the numbers $ℓ^{m} (α) = inf {| y | : y \in Λ_{m}, y \neq 0},$ where $m$ is a positive integer and $Λ_{m}$ denotes the set of all real numbers of the form $y = ϵ_{0} α^{n} + ϵ_{1} α^{n - 1} + \dots + ϵ_{n - 1} α + ϵ_{n}$ with restricted integer coefficients $| ϵ_{i} | \leq m$ . The value of $ℓ^{1} (α)$ was determined for many particular Pisot numbers and $ℓ^{m} (α)$ for the golden number. In this paper the value of $ℓ^{m} (α)$ is determined for irrational numbers $α$ , satisfying $α^{2} = a α \pm 1$ with a positive integer $a$ .

On the proximate order of $f^{(s)} (z) * g^{(s)} (z)$ and ${[f (z) * g (z)]}^{(s)}$

M. K. Sen (1971)

Annales Polonici Mathematici

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On the equation $ϕ (x + m) = ϕ (x) + m$

A. Makowski (1964)

Matematički Vesnik

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A transplantation theorem for ultraspherical polynomials at critical index

J. J. Guadalupe, V. I. Kolyada (2001)

Studia Mathematica

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We investigate the behaviour of Fourier coefficients with respect to the system of ultraspherical polynomials. This leads us to the study of the “boundary” Lorentz space $ℒ_{λ}$ corresponding to the left endpoint of the mean convergence interval. The ultraspherical coefficients $c ₙ^{(λ)} (f)$ of $ℒ_{λ}$ -functions turn out to behave like the Fourier coefficients of functions in the real Hardy space ReH¹. Namely, we prove that for any $f \in ℒ_{λ}$ the series $\sum_{n = 1}^{\infty} c ₙ^{(λ)} (f) c o s n θ$ is the Fourier series of some function φ ∈ ReH¹ with ${| | φ | |}_{R e H ¹} {\leq c | | f | |}_{ℒ_{λ}}$ . ...