Consider the nonlinear heat equation (E): $u_t-\Delta u={\left|u\right|}^{p-1}u+b{\left|\nabla u\right|}^q$. We prove that for a large class of radial, positive, nonglobal solutions of (E), one has the blowup estimates $C₁{(T-t)}^{-1/(p-1)}{\le \left|\right|u\left(t\right)\left|\right|}_{\infty }\le C₂{(T-t)}^{-1/(p-1)}$. Also, as an application of our method, we obtain the same upper estimate if u only satisfies the nonlinear parabolic inequality $u_t-u_{xx}\ge u^p$. More general inequalities of the form $u_t-u_{xx}\ge f\left(u\right)$ with, for instance, $f\left(u\right)=(1+u)lo{g}^p(1+u)$ are also treated. Our results show that for solutions of the parabolic inequality, one has essentially the same estimates as for solutions...

Let $u\in L^2(I;H^1\left(\Omega \right))$ with ${\partial }_{t}u\in L^2(I;H^1{\left(\Omega \right)}^{*})$ be given. Then we show by means of a counter-example that the positive part $u^{+}$ of $u$ has less regularity, in particular it holds ${\partial }_t{u}^{+}\notin L^1(I;H^1{\left(\Omega \right)}^{*})$ in general. Nevertheless, $u^{+}$ satisfies an integration-by-parts formula, which can be used to prove non-negativity of weak solutions of parabolic equations.

This paper is concerned with the study of a nonlocal nonlinear parabolic problem associated with the equation $u_t-M\left({\int }_{\Omega }\phi u\mathrm{d}x\right)\mathrm{div}\left(A(x,t,u)\nabla u\right)=g(x,t,u)$ in $\Omega \times (0,T)$, where $\Omega$ is a bounded domain of ${ℝ}^n$ $(n\ge 1)$, $T>0$ is a positive number, $A(x,t,u)$ is an $n\times n$ matrix of variable coefficients depending on $u$ and $M:ℝ\to ℝ$, $\phi :\Omega \to ℝ$, $g:\Omega \times (0,T)\times ℝ\to ℝ$ are given functions. We consider two different assumptions on $g$. The existence of a weak solution for this problem is proved using the Schauder fixed point theorem for each of these assumptions. Moreover, if $A(x,t,u)=a(x,t)$ depends only on...

We consider $2m$th-order $(m\ge 2)$ semilinear parabolic equations $u_t=-{\left(-\Delta \right)}^{m}u\pm {\left|u\right|}^{p-1}u$ in ${ℛ}^N\times {ℝ}_{+}$ $(p>1)$, with Dirac’s mass $\delta \left(x\right)$ as the initial function. We show that for $p<p_0=1+2m/N$, the Cauchy problem admits a solution $u(x,t)$ which is bounded and smooth for small $t>0$, while for $p\ge p_0$ such a local in time solution does not exist. This leads to a boundary layer phenomenon in constructing a proper solution via regular approximations.

It is known that the nonlinear nonhomogeneous backward Cauchy problem $u_t\left(t\right)+Au\left(t\right)=f(t,u\left(t\right))$, $0\le t<\tau$ with $u\left(\tau \right)=\phi$, where $A$ is a densely defined positive self-adjoint unbounded operator on a Hilbert space, is ill-posed in the sense that small perturbations in the final value can lead to large deviations in the solution. We show, under suitable conditions on $\phi$ and $f$, that a solution of the above problem satisfies an integral equation involving the spectral representation of $A$, which is also ill-posed. Spectral truncation...

In this paper, we consider a class of initial-boundary value problems for quasilinear PDEs, subject to the dynamic boundary conditions. Each initial-boundary problem is denoted by (S)${}_{\epsilon }$ with a nonnegative constant $\epsilon$, and for any $\epsilon \ge 0$, (S)${}_{\epsilon }$ can be regarded as a vectorial transmission system between the quasilinear equation in the spatial domain $\Omega$, and the parabolic equation on the boundary $\Gamma :=\partial \Omega$, having a sufficient smoothness. The objective of this study is to establish a mathematical method,...

A regular normal parabolic geometry of type $G/P$ on a manifold $M$ gives rise to sequences $D_i$ of invariant differential operators, known as the curved version of the BGG resolution. These sequences are constructed from the normal covariant derivative ${\nabla }^{\omega }$ on the corresponding tractor bundle $V$, where $\omega$ is the normal Cartan connection. The first operator $D_0$ in the sequence is overdetermined and it is well known that ${\nabla }^{\omega }$ yields the prolongation of this operator in the homogeneous case $M=G/P$. Our first...

In this work we study the problem $u_t{-div\left(\right|x|}^{-2\gamma }\nabla u)=\lambda \frac{u^{\alpha }}{{\left|x\right|}^{2(\gamma +1)}}+f$ in $\Omega \times (0,T)$, $u\ge 0$ in $\Omega \times (0,T)$, $u=0$ on $\partial \Omega \times (0,T)$, $u(x,0)=u_0\left(x\right)$ in $\Omega$, $\Omega \subset {ℝ}^N$ $(N\ge 2)$ is a bounded regular domain such that $0\in \Omega$, $\lambda >0$, $\alpha >0$, $-\infty <\gamma <\left(N-2\right)/2$, $f$ and $u_0$ are positive functions such that $f\in L^1(\Omega \times (0,T))$ and $u_0\in L^1\left(\Omega \right)$. The main points under analysis are: (i) spectral instantaneous and complete blow-up related to the Harnack inequality in the case $\alpha =1$, $1+\gamma >0$; (ii) the nonexistence of solutions if $\alpha >1$, $1+\gamma >0$; (iii) a uniqueness result for weak solutions (in the distribution sense); (iv) further results on existence of weak solutions...

We consider problem (P) of Kirchhoff-Carrier type with nonlinear terms containing a finite number of unknown values $u({\eta }_1,t),\cdots ,u({\eta }_q,t)$ with $0\le {\eta }_1<{\eta }_2<\cdots <{\eta }_q<1.$ By applying the linearization method together with the Faedo-Galerkin method and the weak compact method, we first prove the existence and uniqueness of a local weak solution of problem (P). Next, we consider a specific case $\left({\mathrm{P}}_q\right)$ of (P) in which the nonlinear term contains the sum $S_q\left[u^2\right]\left(t\right)=q^{-1}{\sum }_{i=1}^q{u}^2(\frac{(i-1)}{q},t)$. Under suitable conditions, we prove that the solution of $\left({\mathrm{P}}_q\right)$ converges to the solution...

Via critical point theory we establish the existence and regularity of solutions for the quasilinear elliptic problem ⎧ $div(x,\nabla u)+{a\left(x\right)\left|u\right|}^{p-2}u={g\left(x\right)\left|u\right|}^{p-2}u+h\left(x\right){\left|u\right|}^{s-1}u$ in ${ℝ}^N$ ⎨ ⎩ u > 0, $li{m}_{\left|x\right|\to \infty }u\left(x\right)=0$, where 1 < p < N; a(x) is assumed to satisfy a coercivity condition; h(x) and g(x) are not necessarily bounded but satisfy some integrability restrictions.

Sfruttando i risultati di [1], si prova che le derivate spaziali $D^{\alpha }u$ di ordine $|\alpha |$ con delle soluzioni in $Q$ di un sistema parabolico quasilineare di ordine $2m$ con andamenti strettamente controllati, sono parzialmente hölderiane in $Q$ con esponente di hölderianità decrescente al crescere di $|\alpha |$.

We prove the existence of solutions to nonlinear parabolic problems of the following type: $$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}{\displaystyle \frac{\partial b\left(u\right)}{\partial t}}+A\left(u\right)=f+\mathrm{div}\left(\Theta (x;t;u)\right)\hfill & \text{in}Q,\hfill \\ u(x;t)=0\hfill & \text{on}\partial \Omega \times [0;T],\hfill \\ b\left(u\right)(t=0)=b\left(u_0\right)\hfill & \text{on}\Omega ,\hfill \end{array}\right.$$ where $b:ℝ\to ℝ$ is a strictly increasing function of class ${𝒞}^1$, the term $$A\left(u\right)=-\mathrm{div}\left(a\right(x,t,u,\nabla u\left)\right)$$ is an operator of Leray-Lions type which satisfies the classical Leray-Lions assumptions of Musielak type, $\Theta :\Omega \times [0;T]\times ℝ\to ℝ$ is a Carathéodory, noncoercive function which satisfies the following condition: ${sup}_{\left|s\right|\le k}\left|\Theta (·,·,s)\right|\in E_{\psi }\left(Q\right)$ for all $k>0$, where $\psi$ is the Musielak complementary function of $\Theta$, and the second term $f$ belongs to $L^1\left(Q\right)$.

We consider the equation $\mathrm{d}y\left(t\right)/\mathrm{d}t=(A+B(t\left)\right)y\left(t\right)$ $(t\ge 0)$, where $A$ is the generator of an analytic semigroup ${\left({\mathrm{e}}^{At}\right)}_{t\ge 0}$ on a Banach space $𝒳$, $B\left(t\right)$ is a variable bounded operator in $𝒳$. It is assumed that the commutator $K\left(t\right)=AB\left(t\right)-B\left(t\right)A$ has the following property: there is a linear operator $S$ having a bounded left-inverse operator $S_l^{-1}$ such that $\parallel S{\mathrm{e}}^{At}\parallel$ is integrable and the operator $K\left(t\right)S_l^{-1}$ is bounded. Under these conditions an exponential stability test is derived. As an example we consider a coupled system of parabolic equations. ...

We study the chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity and logistic-type source: $u_t=\Delta u-\chi \nabla ·(u\nabla v/v)+ru-\mu u^k$, $0=\Delta v-v+u$ under the non-flux boundary conditions in a smooth bounded domain $\Omega \subset {ℝ}^n$, $\chi ,r,\mu >0$, $k>1$ and $n\ge 1$. It is shown with $k\in (1,2)$ that the system possesses a global generalized solution for $n\ge 2$ which is bounded when $\chi >0$ is suitably small related to $r>0$ and the initial datum is properly small, and a global bounded classical solution for $n=1$.

Consider the family uₜ = Δu + G(u), t > 0, $x\in {\Omega }_{\epsilon }$, ${\partial }_{{\nu }_{\epsilon }}u=0$, t > 0, $x\in \partial {\Omega }_{\epsilon }$, $\left(E_{\epsilon }\right)$ of semilinear Neumann boundary value problems, where, for ε > 0 small, the set ${\Omega }_{\epsilon }$ is a thin domain in ${ℝ}^l$, possibly with holes, which collapses, as ε → 0⁺, onto a (curved) k-dimensional submanifold of ${ℝ}^l$. If G is dissipative, then equation $\left(E_{\epsilon }\right)$ has a global attractor ${}_{\epsilon }$. We identify a “limit” equation for the family $\left(E_{\epsilon }\right)$, prove convergence of trajectories and establish an upper semicontinuity result for the family ${}_{\epsilon }$ as ε → 0⁺. ...

This article investigates the long-time behaviour of parabolic scalar conservation laws of the type ${\partial }_{t}u+{div}_{y}A(y,u)-{\Delta }_{y}u=0$, where $y\in {ℝ}^N$ and the flux $A$ is periodic in $y$. More specifically, we consider the case when the initial data is an $L^1$ disturbance of a stationary periodic solution. We show, under polynomial growth assumptions on the flux, that the difference between u and the stationary solution behaves in $L^1$ norm like a self-similar profile for large times. The proof uses a time and space change of variables...

We consider the quasilinear equation ${\Delta }_{p}u+K\left(\right|x\left|\right)u^q=0$, and present the proof of the local existence of positive radial solutions near $0$ under suitable conditions on $K$. Moreover, we provide a priori estimates of positive radial solutions near $\infty$ when $r^{-\ell }K\left(r\right)$ for $\ell \ge -p$ is bounded near $\infty$.

We study the absence of nonnegative global solutions to parabolic inequalities of the type $u_t\ge -{(-\Delta )}^{\beta /2}u-V\left(x\right)u+h(x,t)u^p$, where ${(-\Delta )}^{\beta /2}$, 0 < β ≤ 2, is the β/2 fractional power of the Laplacian. We give a sufficient condition which implies that the only global solution is trivial if p > 1 is small. Among other properties, we derive a necessary condition for the existence of local and global nonnegative solutions to the above problem for the function V satisfying ${V₊\left(x\right)\sim a\left|x\right|}^{-b}$, where a ≥ 0, b > 0, p > 1 and V₊(x): = maxV(x),0....

We consider the exclusion process in the one-dimensional discrete torus with $N$ points, where all the bonds have conductance one, except a finite number of slow bonds, with conductance $N^{-\beta }$, with $\beta \in [0,\infty )$. We prove that the time evolution of the empirical density of particles, in the diffusive scaling, has a distinct behavior according to the range of the parameter $\beta$. If $\beta \in [0,1)$, the hydrodynamic limit is given by the usual heat equation. If $\beta =1$, it is given by a parabolic equation involving an operator...

We deal with the problem ⎧ -Δu = f(x,u) + λg(x,u), in Ω, ⎨ ($P_{\lambda }$) ⎩ $u_{\mid \partial \Omega }=0$ where Ω ⊂ ℝⁿ is a bounded domain, λ ∈ ℝ, and f,g: Ω×ℝ → ℝ are two Carathéodory functions with f(x,0) = g(x,0) = 0. Under suitable assumptions, we prove that there exists λ* > 0 such that, for each λ ∈ (0,λ*), problem ($P_{\lambda }$) admits a non-zero, non-negative strong solution $u_{\lambda }\in {\bigcap }_{p\ge 2}{W}^{2,p}\left(\Omega \right)$ such that $li{m}_{\lambda \to 0⁺}\left|\right|u_{\lambda }{\left|\right|}_{W^{2,p}\left(\Omega \right)}=0$ for all p ≥ 2. Moreover, the function $\lambda \mapsto I_{\lambda }\left(u_{\lambda }\right)$ is negative and decreasing in ]0,λ*[, where $I_{\lambda }$ is the energy functional related to ($P_{\lambda }$). ...

Sfruttando i risultati di [1], si prova che le derivate spaziali $D^{\alpha }u$ di ordine $|\alpha |$ con delle soluzioni in $Q$ di un sistema parabolico quasilineare di ordine $2m$ con andamenti strettamente controllati, sono parzialmente hölderiane in $Q$ con esponente di hölderianità decrescente al crescere di $|\alpha |$.