Lipschitz and uniform embeddings into $ℓ_{∞}$

N. J. Kalton

Displaying similar documents to “Lipschitz and uniform embeddings into $ℓ_{\infty}$ ”

$P^{λ}$ -spaces and $L^{λ}$ -spaces

Nguyen To Nhu (1979)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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Multiple conjugate functions and multiplicative Lipschitz classes

Ferenc Móricz (2009)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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We extend the classical theorems of I. I. Privalov and A. Zygmund from single to multiple conjugate functions in terms of the multiplicative modulus of continuity. A remarkable corollary is that if a function f belongs to the multiplicative Lipschitz class $L i p (α ₁, . . ., α_{N})$ for some $0 < α ₁, . . ., α_{N} < 1$ and its marginal functions satisfy $f (\cdot, x ₂, . . ., x_{N}) \in L i p β ₁, . . ., f (x ₁, . . ., x_{N - 1}, \cdot) \in L i p β_{N}$ for some $0 < β ₁, . . ., β_{N} < 1$ uniformly in the indicated variables $x_{l}$ , 1 ≤ l ≤ N, then $f ̃^{(η ₁, . . ., η_{N})} \in L i p (α ₁, . . ., α_{N})$ for each choice of $(η ₁, . . ., η_{N})$ with $η_{l} = 0$ or 1 for 1 ≤ l ≤ N.

Lipschitz extensions of convex-valued maps

Alberto Bressan, Agostino Cortesi (1986)

Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali. Rendiconti Lincei. Matematica e Applicazioni

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Si dimostra che ogni funzione multivoca lipschitziana con costante di Lipschitz $M$ , definita su un sottoinsieme di uno spazio di Hilbert $H$ a valori compatti e convessi in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ , può essere estesa su tutto $H$ ad una funzione multivoca lipschitziana con costante minore di 7 nM. In generale, non esistono invece estensioni aventi la stessa costante di Lipschitz $M$ .

Lipschitz equivalence of graph-directed fractals

Ying Xiong, Lifeng Xi (2009)

Studia Mathematica

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This paper studies the geometric structure of graph-directed sets from the point of view of Lipschitz equivalence. It is proved that if ${E_{i}}_{i}$ and ${F_{j}}_{j}$ are dust-like graph-directed sets satisfying the transitivity condition, then $E_{i ₁}$ and $E_{i ₂}$ are Lipschitz equivalent, and $E_{i}$ and $F_{j}$ are quasi-Lipschitz equivalent when they have the same Hausdorff dimension.

On Banach spaces C(K) isomorphic to c₀(Γ)

Witold Marciszewski (2003)

Studia Mathematica

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We give a characterization of compact spaces K such that the Banach space C(K) is isomorphic to the space c₀(Γ) for some set Γ. As an application we show that there exists an Eberlein compact space K of weight $ω_{ω}$ and with the third derived set $K^{(3)}$ empty such that the space C(K) is not isomorphic to any c₀(Γ). For this compactum K, the spaces C(K) and $c ₀ (ω_{ω})$ are examples of weakly compactly generated (WCG) Banach spaces which are Lipschitz isomorphic but not isomorphic.

Canonical Banach function spaces generated by Urysohn universal spaces. Measures as Lipschitz maps

Piotr Niemiec (2009)

Studia Mathematica

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It is proved (independently of the result of Holmes [Fund. Math. 140 (1992)]) that the dual space of the uniform closure $C F L (_{r})$ of the linear span of the maps x ↦ d(x,a) - d(x,b), where d is the metric of the Urysohn space $_{r}$ of diameter r, is (isometrically if r = +∞) isomorphic to the space $L I P (_{r})$ of equivalence classes of all real-valued Lipschitz maps on $_{r}$ . The space of all signed (real-valued) Borel measures on $_{r}$ is isometrically embedded in the dual space of $C F L (_{r})$ and it is shown that the image...

A condition equivalent to uniform ergodicity

Maria Elena Becker (2005)

Studia Mathematica

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Let T be a linear operator on a Banach space X with $s u p ₙ | | T ⁿ / n^{w} | | < \infty$ for some 0 ≤ w < 1. We show that the following conditions are equivalent: (i) $n^{- 1} \sum_{k = 0}^{n - 1} T^{k}$ converges uniformly; (ii) $c l (I - T) X = z \in X : l i m_{n} \sum_{k = 1}^{n} T^{k} z / k e x i s t s$ .

A Sufficient Condition for the $C^{2}$ -Rectifiability of the Set of Regular Values (in the Sense of Clarke) of a Lipschitz Map

Silvano Delladio (2008)

Bollettino dell'Unione Matematica Italiana

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We prove a result about the rectifiability of class $C^{2}$ of the set of regular values (in the sense of Clarke) of a Lipschitz map $\varphi\colon\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^{N}$ with $n<N$

Lipschitz extensions of convex-valued maps

Alberto Bressan, Agostino Cortesi (1986)

Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali. Rendiconti

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Generalized α-variation and Lebesgue equivalence to differentiable functions

Jakub Duda (2009)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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We find conditions on a real function f:[a,b] → ℝ equivalent to being Lebesgue equivalent to an n-times differentiable function (n ≥ 2); a simple solution in the case n = 2 appeared in an earlier paper. For that purpose, we introduce the notions of $C B V G_{1 / n}$ and $S B V G_{1 / n}$ functions, which play analogous rôles for the nth order differentiability to the classical notion of a VBG⁎ function for the first order differentiability, and the classes $C B V_{1 / n}$ and $S B V_{1 / n}$ (introduced by Preiss and Laczkovich) for Cⁿ smoothness....

Symmetric products of the Euclidean spaces and the spheres

Naotsugu Chinen (2015)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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By $F_{n} (X)$ , $n \geq 1$ , we denote the $n$ -th symmetric product of a metric space $(X, d)$ as the space of the non-empty finite subsets of $X$ with at most $n$ elements endowed with the Hausdorff metric $d_{H}$ . In this paper we shall describe that every isometry from the $n$ -th symmetric product $F_{n} (X)$ into itself is induced by some isometry from $X$ into itself, where $X$ is either the Euclidean space or the sphere with the usual metrics. Moreover, we study the $n$ -th symmetric product of the Euclidean space up to bi-Lipschitz equivalence...

Some remarks on universality properties of $ℓ_{\infty} / c ₀$

Mikołaj Krupski, Witold Marciszewski (2012)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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We prove that if is not a Kunen cardinal, then there is a uniform Eberlein compact space K such that the Banach space C(K) does not embed isometrically into $ℓ_{\infty} / c ₀$ . We prove a similar result for isomorphic embeddings. Our arguments are minor modifications of the proofs of analogous results for Corson compacta obtained by S. Todorčević. We also construct a consistent example of a uniform Eberlein compactum whose space of continuous functions embeds isomorphically into $ℓ_{\infty} / c ₀$ , but fails to embed...

Filippov Lemma for matrix fourth order differential inclusions

Grzegorz Bartuzel, Andrzej Fryszkowski (2014)

Banach Center Publications

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In the paper we give an analogue of the Filippov Lemma for the fourth order differential inclusions y = y”” - (A² + B²)y” + A²B²y ∈ F(t,y), (*) with the initial conditions y(0) = y’(0) = y”(0) = y”’(0) = 0, (**) where the matrices $A, B \in ℝ^{d \times d}$ are commutative and the multifunction $F : [0, 1] \times ℝ^{d} ⇝ c l (ℝ^{d})$ is Lipschitz continuous in y with a t-independent constant l < ||A||²||B||². Main theorem. Assume that $F : [0, 1] \times ℝ^{d} ⇝ c l (ℝ^{d}) i s m e a s u r a b l e i n t a n d i n t e g r a b l y b o u n d e d . L e t$ y₀ ∈ W4,1 $b e a n a r b i t r a r y f u n c t i o n s a t i s f y i n g (* *) a n d s u c h t h a t$ $d_{H} (y ₀ (t), F (t, y ₀ (t))) \leq p ₀ (t)$ a.e. in [0,1], where p₀ ∈ L¹[0,1]. Then there exists a solution y ∈ W4,1 of (*)...

A Lipschitz function which is $C^{\infty}$ on a.e. line need not be generically differentiable

Luděk Zajíček (2013)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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We construct a Lipschitz function f on X = ℝ ² such that, for each 0 ≠ v ∈ X, the function f is $C^{\infty}$ smooth on a.e. line parallel to v and f is Gâteaux non-differentiable at all points of X except a first category set. Consequently, the same holds if X (with dimX > 1) is an arbitrary Banach space and “a.e.” has any usual “measure sense”. This example gives an answer to a natural question concerning the author’s recent study of linearly essentially smooth functions (which generalize essentially...

Double sine series with nonnegative coefficients and Lipschitz classes

Vanda Fülöp (2006)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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Denote by $f_{s s} (x, y)$ the sum of a double sine series with nonnegative coefficients. We present necessary and sufficient coefficient conditions in order that $f_{s s}$ belongs to the two-dimensional multiplicative Lipschitz class Lip(α,β) for some 0 < α ≤ 1 and 0 < β ≤ 1. Our theorems are extensions of the corresponding theorems by Boas for single sine series.

On the structure of universal differentiability sets

Michael Dymond (2017)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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A subset of $ℝ^{d}$ is called a universal differentiability set if it contains a point of differentiability of every Lipschitz function $f : ℝ^{d} \to ℝ$ . We show that any universal differentiability set contains a ‘kernel’ in which the points of differentiability of each Lipschitz function are dense. We further prove that no universal differentiability set may be decomposed as a countable union of relatively closed, non-universal differentiability sets.

Fréchet differentiability via partial Fréchet differentiability

Luděk Zajíček (2023)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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Let $X_{1}, \dots, X_{n}$ be Banach spaces and $f$ a real function on $X = X_{1} \times \dots \times X_{n}$ . Let $A_{f}$ be the set of all points $x \in X$ at which $f$ is partially Fréchet differentiable but is not Fréchet differentiable. Our results imply that if $X_{1}, \dots, X_{n - 1}$ are Asplund spaces and $f$ is continuous (respectively Lipschitz) on $X$ , then $A_{f}$ is a first category set (respectively a $σ$ -upper porous set). We also prove that if $X$ , $Y$ are separable Banach spaces and $f : X \to Y$ is a Lipschitz mapping, then there exists a $σ$ -upper porous set $A \subset X$ such that $f$ is Fréchet differentiable...

Ideals in big Lipschitz algebras of analytic functions

Thomas Vils Pedersen (2004)

Studia Mathematica

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For 0 < γ ≤ 1, let $Λ ⁺_{γ}$ be the big Lipschitz algebra of functions analytic on the open unit disc which satisfy a Lipschitz condition of order γ on ̅. For a closed set E on the unit circle and an inner function Q, let $J_{γ} (E, Q)$ be the closed ideal in $Λ ⁺_{γ}$ consisting of those functions $f \in Λ ⁺_{γ}$ for which (i) f = 0 on E, (ii) $| f (z) - f (w) | = o (| z - w |^{γ})$ as d(z,E),d(w,E) → 0, (iii) $f / Q \in Λ ⁺_{γ}$ . Also, for a closed ideal I in $Λ ⁺_{γ}$ , let $E_{I}$ = z ∈ : f(z) = 0 for every f ∈ I and let $Q_{I}$ be the greatest common divisor of the inner parts of non-zero functions...

On compactness and connectedness of the paratingent

Wojciech Zygmunt (2016)

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio A – Mathematica

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In this note we shall prove that for a continuous function $ϕ : Δ \to ℝ^{n}$ , where $Δ \subset ℝ$ , the paratingent of $ϕ$ at $a \in Δ$ is a non-empty and compact set in $ℝ^{n}$ if and only if $ϕ$ satisfies Lipschitz condition in a neighbourhood of $a$ . Moreover, in this case the paratingent is a connected set.

Generalized gradients for locally Lipschitz integral functionals on non- $L^{p}$ -type spaces of measurable functions

Hôǹg Thái Nguyêñ, Dariusz Pączka (2008)

Banach Center Publications

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Let (Ω,μ) be a measure space, E be an arbitrary separable Banach space, $E *_{ω *}$ be the dual equipped with the weak* topology, and g:Ω × E → ℝ be a Carathéodory function which is Lipschitz continuous on each ball of E for almost all s ∈ Ω. Put $G (x) : = \int_{Ω} g (s, x (s)) d μ (s)$ . Consider the integral functional G defined on some non- $L^{p}$ -type Banach space X of measurable functions x: Ω → E. We present several general theorems on sufficient conditions under which any element γ ∈ X* of Clarke’s generalized gradient (multivalued...

Nonlinear mappings preserving at least one eigenvalue

Constantin Costara, Dušan Repovš (2010)

Studia Mathematica

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We prove that if F is a Lipschitz map from the set of all complex n × n matrices into itself with F(0) = 0 such that given any x and y we know that F(x) - F(y) and x-y have at least one common eigenvalue, then either $F (x) = u x u^{- 1}$ or $F (x) = u x^{t} u^{- 1}$ for all x, for some invertible n × n matrix u. We arrive at the same conclusion by supposing F to be of class ¹ on a domain in ℳₙ containing the null matrix, instead of Lipschitz. We also prove that if F is of class ¹ on a domain containing the null matrix satisfying...

Existence and upper semicontinuity of uniform attractors in $H ¹ (ℝ^{N})$ for nonautonomous nonclassical diffusion equations

Cung The Anh, Nguyen Duong Toan (2014)

Annales Polonici Mathematici

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We prove the existence of uniform attractors $_{ε}$ in the space $H ¹ (ℝ^{N})$ for the nonautonomous nonclassical diffusion equation $u_{t} - ε Δ u_{t} - Δ u + f (x, u) + λ u = g (x, t)$ , ε ∈ [0,1]. The upper semicontinuity of the uniform attractors ${_{ε}}_{ε \in [0, 1]}$ at ε = 0 is also studied.

Some algebraic and homological properties of Lipschitz algebras and their second duals

F. Abtahi, E. Byabani, A. Rejali (2019)

Archivum Mathematicum

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Let $(X, d)$ be a metric space and $α > 0$ . We study homological properties and different types of amenability of Lipschitz algebras ${Lip}_{α} X$ and their second duals. Precisely, we first provide some basic properties of Lipschitz algebras, which are important for metric geometry to know how metric properties are reflected in simple properties of Lipschitz functions. Then we show that all of these properties are equivalent to either uniform discreteness or finiteness of $X$ . Finally, some results concerning...

On the size of the sets of gradients of bump functions and starlike bodies on the Hilbert space

Daniel Azagra, Mar Jiménez-Sevilla (2002)

Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France

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We study the size of the sets of gradients of bump functions on the Hilbert space $ℓ_{2}$ , and the related question as to how small the set of tangent hyperplanes to a smooth bounded starlike body in $ℓ_{2}$ can be. We find that those sets can be quite small. On the one hand, the usual norm of the Hilbert space $ℓ_{2}$ can be uniformly approximated by $C^{1}$ smooth Lipschitz functions $ψ$ so that the cones generated by the ranges of its derivatives $ψ^{'} (ℓ_{2})$ have empty interior. This implies that there are $C^{1}$ smooth...

Lipschitz constants for a hyperbolic type metric under Möbius transformations

Yinping Wu, Gendi Wang, Gaili Jia, Xiaohui Zhang (2024)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $D$ be a nonempty open set in a metric space $(X, d)$ with $\partial D \neq \emptyset$ . Define $h_{D, c} (x, y) = log (1 + c \frac{d (x, y)}{\sqrt{d_{D} (x) d_{D} (y)}}),$ where $d_{D} (x) = d (x, \partial D)$ is the distance from $x$ to the boundary of $D$ . For every $c \geq 2$ , $h_{D, c}$ is a metric. We study the sharp Lipschitz constants for the metric $h_{D, c}$ under Möbius transformations of the unit ball, the upper half space, and the punctured unit ball.

Pisier's inequality revisited

Tuomas Hytönen, Assaf Naor (2013)

Studia Mathematica

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Given a Banach space X, for n ∈ ℕ and p ∈ (1,∞) we investigate the smallest constant ∈ (0,∞) for which every n-tuple of functions f₁,...,fₙ: -1,1ⁿ → X satisfies $\int_{- 1, 1 ⁿ} | | \sum_{j = 1}^{n} \partial_{j} f_{j} {(ε) | |}^{p} d μ (ε) \leq^{p} \int_{- 1, 1 ⁿ} \int_{- 1, 1 ⁿ} | | \sum_{j = 1}^{n} δ_{j} Δ f_{j} (ε) {| |}^{p} d μ (ε) d μ (δ)$ , where μ is the uniform probability measure on the discrete hypercube -1,1ⁿ, and ${\partial_{j}}_{j = 1}^{n}$ and $Δ = \sum_{j = 1}^{n} \partial_{j}$ are the hypercube partial derivatives and the hypercube Laplacian, respectively. Denoting this constant by $ⁿ_{p} (X)$ , we show that $ⁿ_{p} (X) \leq \sum_{k = 1}^{n} 1 / k$ for every Banach space (X,||·||). This extends the classical Pisier inequality, which corresponds to the special...

On almost everywhere differentiability of the metric projection on closed sets in $l^{p} (ℝ^{n})$ , $2 < p < \infty$

Tord Sjödin (2018)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $F$ be a closed subset of $ℝ^{n}$ and let $P (x)$ denote the metric projection (closest point mapping) of $x \in ℝ^{n}$ onto $F$ in $l^{p}$ -norm. A classical result of Asplund states that $P$ is (Fréchet) differentiable almost everywhere (a.e.) in $ℝ^{n}$ in the Euclidean case $p = 2$ . We consider the case $2 < p < \infty$ and prove that the $i$ th component $P_{i} (x)$ of $P (x)$ is differentiable a.e. if $P_{i} (x) \neq x_{i}$ and satisfies Hölder condition of order $1 / (p - 1)$ if $P_{i} (x) = x_{i}$ .

Approximate and $L^{p}$ Peano derivatives of nonintegral order

J. Marshall Ash, Hajrudin Fejzić (2005)

Studia Mathematica

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Let n be a nonnegative integer and let u ∈ (n,n+1]. We say that f is u-times Peano bounded in the approximate (resp. $L^{p}$ , 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞) sense at $x \in ℝ^{m}$ if there are numbers $f_{α} (x)$ , |α| ≤ n, such that $f (x + h) - \sum_{| α | \leq n} f_{α} (x) h^{α} / α!$ is $O (h^{u})$ in the approximate (resp. $L^{p}$ ) sense as h → 0. Suppose f is u-times Peano bounded in either the approximate or $L^{p}$ sense at each point of a bounded measurable set E. Then for every ε > 0 there is a perfect set Π ⊂ E and a smooth function g such that the Lebesgue measure of E∖Π is less than ε and...

Remarks on the Bourgain-Brezis-Mironescu Approach to Sobolev Spaces

B. Bojarski (2011)

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Mathematics

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For a function $f \in L_{l o c}^{p} (ℝ ⁿ)$ the notion of p-mean variation of order 1, $₁^{p} (f, ℝ ⁿ)$ is defined. It generalizes the concept of F. Riesz variation of functions on the real line ℝ¹ to ℝⁿ, n > 1. The characterisation of the Sobolev space $W^{1, p} (ℝ ⁿ)$ in terms of $₁^{p} (f, ℝ ⁿ)$ is directly related to the characterisation of $W^{1, p} (ℝ ⁿ)$ by Lipschitz type pointwise inequalities of Bojarski, Hajłasz and Strzelecki and to the Bourgain-Brezis-Mironescu approach.

Displaying similar documents to “Lipschitz and uniform embeddings into ℓ ∞ ”

Displaying similar documents to “Lipschitz and uniform embeddings into $ℓ_{\infty}$ ”