In analogy with effect algebras, we introduce the test spaces and $MV$-test spaces. A test corresponds to a hypothesis on the propositional system, or, equivalently, to a partition of unity. We show that there is a close correspondence between $MV$-algebras and $MV$-test spaces.

If element $z$ of a lattice effect algebra $(E,\oplus ,\mathbf{0},\mathbf{1})$ is central, then the interval $[\mathbf{0},z]$ is a lattice effect algebra with the new top element $z$ and with inherited partial binary operation $\oplus$. It is a known fact that if the set $C\left(E\right)$ of central elements of $E$ is an atomic Boolean algebra and the supremum of all atoms of $C\left(E\right)$ in $E$ equals to the top element of $E$, then $E$ is isomorphic to a subdirect product of irreducible effect algebras ([18]). This means that if there exists a MacNeille completion $\widehat{E}$ of $E$ which is its extension...

This paper gives a semantical underpinning for a many-sorted modal logic associated with certain dynamical systems, like transition systems, automata or classes in object-oriented languages. These systems will be described as coalgebras of so-called polynomial functors, built up from constants and identities, using products, coproducts and powersets. The semantical account involves Boolean algebras with operators indexed by polynomial functors, called MBAOs, for Many-sorted Boolean Algebras with...

This paper gives a semantical underpinning for a many-sorted modal logic associated with certain dynamical systems, like transition systems, automata or classes in object-oriented languages. These systems will be described as coalgebras of so-called polynomial functors, built up from constants and identities, using products, coproducts and powersets. The semantical account involves Boolean algebras with operators indexed by polynomial functors, called MBAOs, for Many-sorted Boolean Algebras with...

Modal pseudocomplemented De Morgan algebras (or $mpM$-algebras for short) are investigated in this paper. This new equational class of algebras was introduced by A. V. Figallo and P. Landini ([Figallo, A. V., Landini, P.: Notes on $4$-valued modal algebras Preprints del Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Univ. Nac. de San Juan 1 (1990), 28–37.]) and they constitute a proper subvariety of the variety of all pseudocomplemented De Morgan algebras satisfying $x\wedge {(\sim x)}^{*}={(\sim (x\wedge {(\sim x)}^{*}))}^{*}$. Firstly, a topological duality for these algebras...

Lattice effect algebras generalize orthomodular lattices and $MV$-algebras. We describe all complete modular atomic effect algebras. This allows us to prove the existence of ordercontinuous subadditive states (probabilities) on them. For the separable noncomplete ones we show that the existence of a faithful probability is equivalent to the condition that their MacNeille complete modular effect algebra.

In a Boolean Algebra B, an inequality f(x,x --> y)) ≤ y satisfying the condition f(1,1)=1, is considered for defining operations a --> b among the elements of B. These operations are called Conditionals'' for f. In this paper, we obtain all the boolean Conditionals and Internal Conditionals, and some of their properties as, for example, monotonicity are briefly discussed.

We show that an ideal I of an MV-algebra A is linearly ordered if and only if every non-zero element of I is a molecule. The set of molecules of A is contained in Inf(A) ∪ B2(A) where B2(A) is the set of all elements x ∈ A such that 2x is idempotent. It is shown that I ≠ {0} is weakly essential if and only if B⊥ ⊂ B(A). Connections are shown among the classes of ideals that have various combinations of the properties of being implicative, essential, weakly essential, maximal or prime.

The concept of monadic MV-algebra was recently introduced by A. Di Nola and R. Grigolia as an algebraic formalization of the many-valued predicate calculus described formerly by J. D. Rutledge [9]. This was also genaralized by J. Rachůnek and F. Švrček for commutative residuated $\ell$-monoids since MV-algebras form a particular case of this structure. Basic algebras serve as a tool for the investigations of much more wide class of non-classical logics (including MV-algebras, orthomodular lattices and...

Here we initiate an investigation into the class $mL{M}_{n\times m}$ of monadic $n\times m$-valued Łukasiewicz-Moisil algebras (or $mL{M}_{n\times m}$-algebras), namely $n\times m$-valued Łukasiewicz-Moisil algebras endowed with a unary operation. These algebras constitute a generalization of monadic $n$-valued Łukasiewicz-Moisil algebras. In this article, the congruences on these algebras are determined and subdirectly irreducible algebras are characterized. From this last result it is proved that $mL{M}_{n\times m}$ is a discriminator variety and as a consequence, the...